粘土湿型砂铸造新型醇基喷涂涂料的研究与应用.docVIP

粘土湿型砂铸造新型醇基喷涂涂料的研究与应用 冯胜山 朱松林（湖北工业大学机电研究设计院 武汉430070）　 摘要：本文介绍了粘土湿型砂铸造新型醇基喷涂涂料的组成结构、生产工艺、性能特点、应用实例和 使用经验，重点分析了新型复合分散悬浮剂的主要特点，对比研究了它的悬浮效果，简述了它的作用机理。结果表明：新型醇基复合分散悬浮剂的耐火度高，抗裂性好，悬浮能力与有机膨润土相当；静电分散稳定机理和空间位阻分散稳定机理的共同作用是其分散悬浮效果优良的主要原因；粘土湿型砂铸造新型醇基喷涂涂料的主要性能达到了国内外同类产品领先水平；生产的高锰钢、可锻铸铁和灰口铸铁产品表面光洁，无粘砂、气孔等缺陷。 关键词：湿型砂；醇基涂料；喷涂 中图分类号：TG221 The Investigation and Application of New Alcohol Based Brushing Coatings for Green Sand Cast Feng Shengshan Zhu Songlin (Hubei Research Design Institute of Mechanical Electronic Engineering Wuhan 430070) Abstract The compose, producing technology, properties, application example and using experiences of new alcohol based brushing coatings for green sand cast are introduced in this paper. The main properties and mechanism of new disperse-suspending agent are analyzed emphatically. Its suspension effect is studied by comparing. The results show that refractory temperature of the new disperse-suspending agent is higher, the ability of preventing crack is powerful, its suspending stability is equivalent to organized bentonite,s, the co-action of disperse-suspending mechanisms of electrostatics and space is the main cause, the main properties of new alcohol based brushing coatings for green sand cast are superior to the abilities of internal and outside coatings of the same kind, the surfaces of castings that are produced used new alcohol based brushing coatings are smooth without adhering sand and gas-hore. Key words green sand alcohol-based casting brushing 0 前言 粘土湿型砂铸造工艺因其成本低、效率高，目前在造型制芯工艺中占有重要地位。普通铸铁湿型砂一般都加入煤粉，以提高铸件表面质量，但它降低了型砂的透气性和强度，更为严重的是恶化了劳动条件。采用普通湿型砂工艺直接生产铸钢件时，铸件容易产生粘砂、气孔等缺陷。为了改善湿型砂工艺的劳动条件，实现“绿色铸造”，提高铸件表面质量，研制和应用湿型砂铸造系列涂料是一个重要途径。 湿型砂铸造时如采用水基涂料，需要进行表面烘干，否则极易降低砂型表面强度，也使铸件容易产生气孔缺陷，但这将增加生产工序，降低生产效率，在批量生产线上也不易实现。另外，湿型砂表面强度低，刷涂涂料时容易带砂，操作不便，涂层不光洁。因此，湿型砂宜喷涂醇基快干涂料。 醇基涂料具有干燥快（点燃干燥或自然挥发干燥）、生产效率高、适用范围广等特点。国内在粘土湿型砂醇基涂料方面的研究很少，而且所报道的涂料悬浮性、抗裂性、发气性、渗透性等均较差[1~2]。由于湿型砂粒度细，透气性差，发气量大，故要求醇基涂料的渗透性和抗裂性高，发气量小。喷涂工艺又要求涂料的粒度细、粘度低、悬浮性和抗流淌性高。醇基涂料普遍存在悬浮