中考定语从句复习策略的探究与创新.docVIP

中考定语从句复习策略的探究与创新 定语从句是初中阶段英语教学中的重点和难点。一直以来，不少教师在教学中都有共同的感觉：自己意会，难以言传。导致许多学生理解难﹑接受慢﹑运用死﹑效果差。为此，我在实际教学工作中，不断地反思，运用不同的方法进行尝试，通过学生提问﹑作业﹑测试的反馈信息来看，在这一方面有了较有成效的突破，现介绍如下，以供鉴赏。 一﹒复合句的实质：二句合一 任何从句在口语或书面语中都不能单独使用，因为它是充当另外一个句子﹙即主句﹚的某一句子成分的，构成主从复合句。所以，含有定语从句最基本复合句的实质是二句合一。 二．合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地 也就是说，如果某一个人或事物在第一个句子中出现，又以它含义上的名词﹑代词﹑形容词或副词形式在第二个句子中出现，具备这样的条件，我们就可以把两个句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句。 三．合并方法：分三步. 留 舍 替 先 主语 　人 　who / that 　物 　which /that 行 宾语 　人 　who /whom /that 　物 　which /that 定语 　人 　Whose 词 　物 　Whose/ of which 状语 时间 　When 地点 　where 原因 　why 定语从句所限定的名词或代词叫先行词.为方便起见,我们把引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词等统称为引导词，通过上述合并条件和合并方法可以看出，先行词和引导词在含义上互指。 四． 举例说明： 1．I like the girl﹙1﹚very much.. She ﹙2﹚sings and dances best in our school. 释：﹙1﹚和﹙2﹚在含义上互指，符合合并条件，保留先行词﹙the girl﹚，舍去 主语﹙she﹚，用引导词﹙who /that﹚来代替，于是得到：I like the girl who /that sings and dances best in our school very much . 2.This is the place ﹙1﹚.We visited it﹙2﹚ with our friends last week. 释:﹙1﹚和﹙2﹚在含义上互指，符合合并条件，保留先行词﹙the place﹚，舍去宾语﹙it﹚,用引导词﹙which/that﹚来代替或省略，于是得到：This is the place ﹙which/that﹚we visited with our friends last week 3.That is a problem﹙1﹚. It can be worked out in three ways﹙2﹚. 释：﹙1﹚和﹙2﹚在含义上互指，符合合并条件，保留先行词﹙problem﹚，舍去主语﹙ it﹚,用引导词﹙that/which﹚来代替,于是得到：That is a problem that/which can be worked out in three ways . 4.The manager﹙1﹚ will give some many to the village to build a school. I mentioned him ﹙2﹚to you a few days ago . 释：﹙1﹚和﹙2﹚在含义上互指，符合合并条件，保留先行词﹙the manager﹚,舍去宾语﹙him﹚，用引导词﹙who/whom /that﹚来代替或省略，于是得到：The manager﹙who/whom/that﹚I mentioned to you a few days ago will give some money to the village to build a school. 5．Can you tell me something about the man﹙1﹚. You had a talk with him just now﹙2﹚. 释：﹙1﹚和﹙2﹚在含义上互指，符合合并条件，保留先行词﹙the man﹚，舍去介词宾语﹙him→人﹚,注意：介词后置——常用引导词﹙who/that﹚来代替或省略；介词前置——常用﹙whom﹚来代替，于是得到：①Can you tell me something about the man ﹙ who/that﹚ you had a talk with just now. ②Can you tell me something about the the man with whom you had a talk just now. 6.