黄河流域泥沙输移比与流域面积的关系.docVIP

黄河流域泥沙输移比与流域面积的关系 吴傲 李天宏 韩鹏 摘要: 流域泥沙输移比反映了流域与外界进行水沙交换的能力，对揭示流域水沙输送模式、水沙通量变化和评价流域水保措施效益具有重要意义。本文以黄河干流及其重点支流为研究对象，基于泥沙输移比的定义式，通过流域面积与侵蚀量和输沙量的关系，得到研究区域流域面积与泥沙输移比之间的关系式。研究结果表明: 泥沙输移比随着流域面积增加迅速减小，并在流域面积为150 000km2 左右时达到最小值0. 183; 随后，泥沙输移比随流域面积增加也缓慢增加，但不超过0. 352。对泥沙输移比和流域面积的小波降噪分析也佐证了黄河流域的泥沙输移比随尺度变化存在一个临界尺度，这种变化趋势与一般认为泥沙输移比随流域面积增大而减小的观点并不完全吻合。研究结果可为流域水土保持和生态建设提供科学参考。 关键词: 黄河流域; 泥沙输移比; 流域面积; 小波分析 中图分类号: TV142 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 0468-155X(2014) 01-0061-07 Relationship between sediment delivery ratio and basin area in Yellow River basin WU Ao，LI Tian-hong，HAN Peng Abstract: The ability of a basin to transfer water and sediment can be represented by the basins Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) ．Studies of the SDR are not only significant to unfold the change of water-sediment flux and the shift of the pattern by which the watershed transfers water and sediment，but also helpful in making decision and taking measures for basins soil and water conservation．With the gauged data in 1980s and soil erosion map obtained in the same period，taking the basins of the Yellow River mainstream and its major tributaries as the study area，using the definition of SDR，this paper studies the relationship between SDR and basin area．Results reveale that SDR sharply decreases as basin area increases．When the basin area is about 0. 15 million km2，SDR drops to its least value 0. 183．However，as the basin area increasing，SDR begins to increase slightly but is never larger than 0. 352．The wavelet analysis is applied to SDR and basin area data，and the results show that a threshold area exists in the variation trend of SDRs vs basin area．This result challenges the common knowledge that SDR tends to decrease as the basin area increases．The results are of high value of reference for basin soil and water conservation practices and ecological construction． Key words: Yellow River basin; sediment delivery ratio; basin area; wavelet analysis 泥沙输移比(Sediment Delivery Ratio，简称SDR) 能将流域的输水和输沙两大功能关联起来，是衡量流域输水输沙特征的重要指标［1］，其影