基于河床地形的河流深潭浅滩识别技术比较研究.docVIP

基于河床地形的河流深潭浅滩识别技术比较研究 摘要：深潭浅滩序列是弯曲型河流基本的形态学特征，对河流深潭浅滩进行识别对于探讨河流生物群落和物理环境之间的相互关系，增强河流管理和生态保护实践具有重要意义。采用三种基于河床地形的河流深潭浅滩识别方法（深泓线线性回归法、横截面对称指数法和局部高程差异法）对长江上游干流30 km长河段的深潭和浅滩进行了定量分析识别，并采用5～7倍河宽间距法对这三种方法的适用性进行了比较。结果表明识别出的深潭和浅滩总体上较为吻合，少数几个识别结果不一致的位置，可以结合对河床形态的综合分析加以解决。多数情况下，局部高程差异法的识别结果更加准确有效，但同时使用这三种方法能够加深对研究区域的认识并使识别结果得到确证。在长江上游干流江段，采用局部高程差异法（T=1.0Sd）应是最佳的河流深潭浅滩识别方法。 关　键　词：深潭浅滩识别；河床地形；深泓线线性回归法；局部高程差异法；横截面对称指数法；5～7倍河宽间距法 Comparison of pool and riffle identification methods based on riverbed topography Abstract: Pool-riffle sequence is the fundamental geomorphological characteristic of meandering streams. Identification of pools and riffles is useful for discussing the relationship between the biological community and physical environment. That is significantly important for enhancing the river management and river ecosystem conservation. Three pool and riffle identification methods based on riverbed topography including regression technique, areal difference asymmetry index method and bed differencing technique (bdt) were conducted in a 30-km reach in the upper Yangtze. And five to seven channel widths spacing method was used to compare the applicability of the three methods. It was indicated that the identified bed forms (pools and riffles) were agreement on general. Few transects with disagreement, the discrepancies can be explained by examining the stream morphology. In most cases, bdt was more effectively; however, using the three methods together provided corroboration of results and strengthened the analysis. In the upper Yangtze River, bdt with T=1.0Sd was the best way to identify pools and riffles. Key words: pool and riffle identification; riverbed topography; regression technique; areal difference asymmetry index method; bed differencing technique; five to seven channel widths spacing method 深潭浅滩序列是弯曲型河流最基本的特征，对深潭浅滩进行识别几十年来一直是一个重要的研究领域[1]。大多数对河流深潭浅滩的识别研究基于水流特征（包括水面坡降法[2]、流动特征和沉积物转运动态法[3-5]、弗劳德数法等[6-8]）或河床的地形学特征（包括5～7倍河宽间距法[9]、深泓线线性回归法[10-11]、横截面对称指数法等[12]、局部高程差异