Exceptions.ppt

Exceptions cs1043 Program Exceptions When a program detects an error, what should it do? Nothing, simply allow the program to fail. Implement a course of action to correct the error. Example: A user enters an incorrect URL into a web browser. Should the browser crash? Should the browser request another URL? Exception Handling Software is designed to detect and correct most failures. Detection and correction of an error is known as exception handling. Java Exceptions The Java compiler places exceptions into two categories: Checked exceptions Unchecked exceptions Checked Exceptions The compiler requires the programmer to either: write a competent exception handler (CEH) for any checked exceptions. - Example: Input-output operations (reading and writing files and data streams). Throw the exception hoping another method in the calling-tree will be able to handle the exception. This require the throws keyword. Unchecked Exceptions Example double z = x / y; The compiler does not require any special action to prevent the division when y=0. Unchecked Exceptions The programmer can choose to: Ignore the exception and hope for the best. Catch the exception and implement an action to recover from the exception. Note: if the program cannot recover from an exception, the program exits with a fatal exception runtime error. Unchecked Exception Example // Assume x and y are declared and // assigned. double z; if ( y != 0 ) //prevent 0-division z = x / y; else … // perform some other action Checked Exception Two choices for the programmer: Throw the exception to the referencing method and hope for recovery. Catch the exception with a competent exception handler Java Keywords for Exception Handling An unchecked exception could use the keyword “throw”. Checked exceptions can use any of these: throws throw try, catch, finally The Competent Exception Handler The competent exception handler uses a combination of these three keywords: try, catch, and finally. If the programm