超导腔体材料研究.pdfVIP

2. Cavity Materials Materials RD 2a Cavity Material General Requirements_ Overview Specifications for high purity niobium (RRR) sheet, used for fabrication of cavity cells and auxiliary components such as HOM- and FP-couplers and beam pipes have been developed over the years. Material produced to these specifications by various companies in Japan (Tokyo Denkai), Germany (W.C.Heraeus) and the US (Wah Chang) and used for cavity fabrication has resulted in high performance prototype and production cavities, when combined with appropriate QA measures during sheet production such as e.g. clean rollers or eddy current or squid scanning for defects prior to deep drawing of cavity cells. Recently, single cell and multi-cell cavities have been produced at JLab from large grain ingot material or from single crystal, cut directly from the billet by either wire EDM or saw cutting. This is an exciting new development, and has the potential of simplifying the production sequence and consequently the cost. Initial experience indicates that very smooth surfaces can be obtained with the single crystal material or even the large grain material using the BCP (chemical) etch process only, thus avoiding the necessity for using the more complex electro-polishing (EP) processing. This might be related to less defects, a reduced intrinsic strain in the single crystal material and a significantly reduced number of grain boundaries. Nb/Cu laminated material has been successfully used to produce high gradient single cell cavities at DESY and KEK from Nb/Cu tubes by hydro-forming. Explosion bonding, back-extrusion and hot rolling techniques were successfully used to produce the composite tubes. The laminated Nb/Cu approach takes advantages of the bulk Nb performance (Nb layer ~ 0.5 mm thick) combined with the increased thermal conductivity and stiffness of the copper backing resulting in possible significant cost savings (W. Singer, SRF2005 estimates ~30 % per “nake