复杂断面重轨在线无损检测系统设计----利用虚拟仪器实现超声波探伤.docVIP

题 目：复杂断面重轨在线无损检测系统设计 ——利用虚拟仪器实现超声波探伤 复杂断面重轨在线无损检测系统设计 ——利用虚拟仪器实现超声波探伤目前国内生产的超声探伤仪主要是以微处理器为核心，以大规模集成芯片为外围电路的智能化仪器。这类仪器硬件电路设计复杂，硬件成本高，设计周期长，而且仪器的功能和性能受到硬件的约束，如探伤仪难以直接判断缺陷的性质，升级需要从硬件着手等。 针对这些缺点，本设计采用虚拟仪器技术设计了一台虚拟超声波探伤仪。这种仪器是指由计算机、虚拟仪器软件、通用接口硬件组成的测试系统。它从根本上克服了传统仪器的上述缺点，利用了计算机的资源，实现了仪器的高度智能化。 设计分成两部分。一部分是，其作用是，接收缺陷回波信号，并发送给计算机。另一部分是软件，该部分包括用户界面设计和缺陷信号的处理显示。 关键词虚拟仪器超声探伤数据采集esign of Online Nondestructive Testing System of Complex Cross-section Heavy Rail ——Using Virtual Instrument to Achieve Ultrasonic Flaw Detection Abstract The current domestic production of ultrasonic flaw detector takes the main microprocessor as the core and a large-scale integrated circuit chips as the external intelligence apparatus. Such equipment has a complex circuit design for hardware, high cost of hardware, long design cycles, the equipment functionality and performance are bound by the hardware at the same time, such as it is very difficult to determine the defect for detectors, hardware is needed for upgrade, and so proceed. For these shortcomings, the design of a virtual instrument technology designed a virtual ultrasonic flaw detector. The equipment includes computer, the software of virtual instrument and common interface hardware. It fundamentally overcomes the above-mentioned shortcomings of the traditional apparatus, uses the computer resources, realizes highly intelligent of the apparatus. The design is divided into two parts. One part is the design of hardware, and its role is the traditional ultrasonic flaw detector launching ultrasonic, after measuring heavy rail, PCI-6221 data acquisition card receives defective signal, and sends it to the computer. The other part is the software design, which part includes the user interface design and the processing of defects signal and display, and so on. Key words: virtual instruments; ultrasonic testing; data collection 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 引言 1 1.1课题研究的目的意义 1 1.2超声探伤的优点及国内外现状 1 1.3基于虚拟仪器技术的超声波探伤仪 3 1.4重轨的形状及探伤原理 4 1.5本章小结 6 第二章