全国硕士研究生入学考试外国语言学及应用语言学专业.doc

全国硕士研究生入学考试外国语言学及应用语言学专业 语言学常识与翻译技巧（样题） 院系名称 词典学研究中心 专业方向：词典学/翻译与双语词典研究等 考试科目： 语言学常识与翻译技巧 科目代码： 528（英语） Part one: Linguistics I.You are to choose the best answer among the four choices given as to complete each of the following sentences( 10%): are two terms we often come across in the study of meaning, which refer to two very different, though related, aspects of meaning, roughly: concept and the relationship between words and things. A. Competence and performance B. Language and utterance C. Sense and reference D. Semantics and signification (2)The contrastive terms of language and parole (utterance) are proposed by . A. F. Sausure B. N. Chomsky C. L.Bloomfield D. G. Leech II.Anwser the following True or False questions (10%): Structural linguists have proposed a different hypothesis that sentences are composed of sequences of words in a linear, additive fashion. A. True B. False III. You have to answer the following questions based on different requirements.（40） (12) Distinguish the following three notions a. semantics b. lexical meaning c. concept (14) Describe the differences between the following sentences John likes hot coffee. John likes the coffee hot. Part two: Translation I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese (20%) When?the?voltage?is?stepped?up?by?ten?times，?the?strength?of?the?current?is?stepped?down?by?ten?times. The?efficiency?of?the?machines?has?been?more?than?tripled?or?quadrupled．? Incentives for cost minimization are increased, and costs become more transparent. II. Translate the following sentences into English (20%) (28) 绿化祖国，人人有责。要么就一点也不相信我，要么就完完全全相信我。 他思绪滚滚，早已忘却约会一事。 那条小径曲曲折折通向山顶。我万万没有想到。 2 1