基于改进输出系数模型的流域营养盐输出估算.pdfVIP

第 30 卷第 3 期 环 　　境 　　科 　　学 Vol . 30 ,No . 3 2009 年 3 月 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Mar . ,2009 基于改进输出系数模型的流域营养盐输出估算 1 2 2 李兆富 ,杨桂山 ,李恒鹏 ( 1. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院 ,南京 　210095 ; 2 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 ,南京 　210008) 摘要 :为合理估算流域非点源污染营养盐输出负荷 ,针对广泛使用的输出系数模型方法 ,通过实测数据推算获得流域主要土 地利用类型氮磷营养盐输出系数 ,并同时考虑流域降雨的空间差异 ,对模型结构进行了改进 ,并与 GIS 实现融合 ,构建半分布 式的输出系数模型. 利用该模型对太湖上游的西苕溪流域氮磷营养盐输出负荷进行了估算 ,结果显示 ,西苕溪流域 TN 输出负 荷为2 1213 t ,TP 输出负荷为 493 t ,这为太湖流域非点源污染治理提供了参考 ,改进的输出系数模型具有很好的时空尺度适 宜性和推广性. 关键词 :输出系数模型 ;营养盐 ;输出负荷 ;西苕溪流域 ( ) 中图分类号 :X52 　文献标识码 :A 　文章编号 2009 Estimated Nutrient Export Loads Based on Improved Export Coeff icient Model in Xitiaoxi Watershed 1 2 3 L I Zhaofu , YAN G Guishan , L I Hengpeng (1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China ; 2 . Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008 , China) Abstract :It is very important to estimate nutrient export loads from watershed , which is beneficial to water environmental management . The export coefficients for major landuse types were evaluated by field surveying data , in addition the spatial distributions of precipitation and runoff were considered , to improve on export coefficient model ( ECM) , then integrated ECM into geographical information system to compose half distribution model of export coefficients. Estimated nutrients export loads based on the ECM in Xitiaoxi watershed located upper of Taihu Lake area. Results show that the export load for TN and TP was 2 1213 t and 493 t respectively , which provides important reference value for nonpoint source pollution management . K