风机尾迹流理论及模型发展.docVIP

风力发电机尾迹流理论及模型发展 吕太，李刚，武文瑞 （东北电力大学，吉林，132012） 摘要：风机尾迹流效应是风电场风机布置中要考虑的关键因素之一，其不仅关系到风电场能否充分利用风能资源，而且关系着风电场的规模及运行的经济性问题。本文从分析尾迹流的基本理论出发，研究风机尾迹流效应的影响因素，探讨建立尾迹流模型的途径和方法，然后简要评析目前几个主要的尾迹流模型，最后强调在利用各湍流模型进行风机布置时，要综合考虑当地的地理条件，做到模型选用合适。 关键词：尾迹流 湍流 模型 Wake theories and model development for wind turbines LU Tai, Li Gang, Wu Wen-rui (Northeast Dianli University, Jilin, 132012, China) Abstract: Wake effect is one of the critical factors affecting wind turbine arrangement, since it affects the scale and economic operation of wind farm as well as making full use of wind energy. This paper begins with analyzing wake factors, which is important for establishing wake model, and then discusses several wake models used presently, Finally, stressed the use of the turbulence model for wind turbine arrangement ,we should choose the suitable model with comprehensive consideration of local geographic conditions. Keywords: wake flow turbulence model 1引言 风机尾迹流效应是风电场风机布置中需认真考虑的问题，因为其与风能资源状况、风机可用系数共同决定风电产量。风机布置的基本原则是：尽可能减少风机尾迹流效应与最大程度利用风能资源；或合理确定风机的间距，以充分利用地理资源，减少投资成本。具体地说，若以山头或山口为风机布置地点，风机可布置的面积有限；而在海上建造风电场，海底电缆的造价相当高；且由于风机的折旧率较高，在风机更新换代时，要保证新装风机对已装风机出力的影响最小等都是我们在风机布置，甚至风机选型时需认真考虑的问题。 Wake flow effects of wind turbine is the problem to consider seriously in the wind farm arrangement, Because the situation with the wind energy resources、coefficient determined the wind farm production jointly. The basic principle of wind turbine arrangement are : minimizing the wake flow effects and maximizing the use of wind energy resources or reasonably determine the spacing of wind turbine to make full use of geographical resources and reduce the investment cost. Specifically, if according to hill or pass for the sites of wind turbine arrangement, the area is limited .if at sea, the value of submarine cables will cost too high. And because a higher depreciation rate of the wind turbine, in the replacement, we should ensure that newly installed wind turbine that have been installed to contribute to the imp