For Breast Cancer.ppt

For Breast Cancer A program of the UAMS College of Pharmacy Overview of Breast Cancer Jan K. Hastings, Pharm.D. Breast Cancer The most common form of cancer among women The second most common cause of cancer related mortality 1 of 8 women (12.2%) One third of women with breast cancer die from breast cancer Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Female (1% male) Aging Relative (mother or sister) Menstrual history early on set late menopause Child birth After the age of 30 Exogenous Estrogen Hormonal replacement therapy(HRT) 30% increased risk with long term use Oral Contraceptives(OC) risk slight risk returns to normal once the use of OC’s has been discontinued Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Radiation exposure Breast disease Atpyical Hyperplasia Intraductal carcinoma in situ Intralobular carcinoma in situ Obesity Diet Fat Alcohol Genetics BRCA-1 BRCA-2 P53, Rb-1 Her-2/neu, c-erB2, c-myc Staging of Breast Cancer The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) has designated staging by TNM T= tumor size N = lymph node involvement M = metastasis Stage 1 Tumor 2.0 cm in greatest dimension No nodal involvement (N0) No metastases (M0) Stage II Tumor 2.0 5 cm or Ipsilateral axillary lymph node (N1) No Metastasis (M0) Stage III Tumor 5 cm (T3) or ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes fixed to each other or other structures (N2) involvement of ipsilateral internal mammary nodes (N3) Inflammatory carcinoma (T4d) Stage IV (Metastatic breast cancer) Any T Any N Metastasis (M1) Types of breast cancer In situ Intraductal (DCIS) Intralobular (LCIS) Invasive Infiltrating ductal carcinoma Tubular carcinoma Medullary carcinoma Mucinous carcinoma Symptoms and Screening Normal breast physiology and anatomy Symmetry and balance Size weight menstrual cycle pregnancy and lactation Texture Shape age Abnormal signs and symptoms Puckering Dimpling Retraction Nipple discharge Thickening of skin or lump or “knot” Retracted nipple Abnormal signs and symptoms Change in breast size