论文写作与发表3(unit 5)【荐】.pptVIP

Lecture 4: Introduction Topical highlights General Functions of Introduction Structural Features of Introduction Sample Analysis A Quotation about ‘Introduction’ It (an introduction) may be thought of as a preliminary conference in which the writer and the prospective reader ‘go into a huddle’ and agree in advance on the exact limits of the subject, the terms in which to discuss it, the angle from which to approach it, and the plan of treatment that will be most convenient to both. General functions of Introduction 1. Explanation (Introducing the subject) 2. Limitation (Limiting the research scope) . Sufficient background; Definition of terms; Enough data. The range of parameters dealt with the exact sphere of the general subject covered by the paper. General Functions of Introduction 3. Intention (Stating the general purpose) 4. Organization (Showing the writing arrangement) Valuable findings; method; theory; importance of your findings. A clear arrangement of your paper Structural Features of Introduction There are three questions to answer in the section of introduction: 1. What have been done? (Starting with the research background) 2. What have not been done? ( Transiting to the existing problem 3. What I am going to do? ( Focusing on the present research) Historical background; the recent development in this field. Some expressions on P65 Something unfound: the unadopted methods; undiscovered materials; the ignored factors. P65 The primary objectives; novel ideas; advanced methods; new materials; fresh factors. P68 Sample: 1. In both international and intranational situations, the availability of accurate, expressive and timely interpretation of essential communications helps to create the opportunity for social progress, understanding, and the exchange of ideas and intentions among cultures. ( General and specific description of the research topic, purpose and suggest application.) 2. The effect of communication between