film history.pptVIP

电影史基础知识简介 Introduction to English Film history The Birth of Film -1893, the world’s first film studio, the “Black Maria”, was built.. 1920s From Pre-Talkies to Talkies Era Silent films to sound movies The first sound movie is The Jazz Singer (1927) Charlie Chaplin’s first sound movie City Lights (1931) Several film companies well-known today were built, such as the Universal Films, the Warner Brothers, the Fox Film and the Paramount Film. The beginning of Hollywood: By 1911, New Jersey film producer David Horsley established Hollywood’s first motion picture studio, the Nestor Film Company, at the corner of Sunset Boulevard and Gower Street, and “Hollywood” was soon on its way to becoming the film capital of the world. By 1912, 15 film companies were operating in Hollywood. City Lights The 74th film of Charlie Chaplin’s The first film with sound effect made by Charlie Choplin 《城市之光》幕后制作 　　 《城市之光》是卓别林的第74部影片，也是他最后一部无声片，其平衡喜剧和悲剧元素的天才令人叹为观止。1928年秋天便开始剧本创作，即将开拍时，第一部有声片《爵士歌王》已经问世，制片商纷纷转向，但卓别林却执拗地决定将其拍成默片，而米高梅也将当时几乎全部的财产都投入拍摄中。开拍不久，美国步入大萧条时期，卓别林依然坚持自己的主张，捍卫电影的哑剧表演，但同时他也期望音乐能走入电影，于是亲自参与配乐。他一丝不苟创作态度近乎偏执：因为更换演员，他不惜报废几万米胶片，浪费几个月时间；几个主要场面都修改了50遍以上，仅流浪汉与卖花女初次见面的场景就拍了8天；最终影片竟耗胶片25万余米，成片拷贝的采用率仅为0.95%。 对卓别林巨大投入的回报是，影片于1931年2月在美首映后，观众络绎不绝，很快飚升至票房收入榜首，在欧洲同样引起热烈反响，赢利超出投资的三倍有余。时至五十年代，影片在欧美再度重映，观者的盛誉依然不绝于口。 这部影片更被影迷们誉为“遗珠之憾”，因为当年的奥斯卡发现“沉默已不再是金”，默剧的时代已经过去，有声电影当道，但是卓别林在片中却始终一语不发，因此该片在奥斯卡上遭到冷遇。不过，如今的美国国家电影保护局已经将《城市之光》列入典藏电影目录中，但那些同一年出品并获得奥斯卡提名的影片，却没有一部列入典藏目录。这样子看来，小个子卓别林还是获得了最后的胜利！ Charlie Chaplin Several famous film companies 好莱坞的制片公司是1912年开始相继建立的。随着 1928年雷电华影业股份有限公司的组建，形成了美国电影业的8家大公司。它们包括5家较大的影片公司，即派拉蒙(组建于1914)、20世纪福斯(始建于1915，合并于1935)、米高梅(合并于1924)、华纳兄弟(1923)和雷电华(1928)；3家较小的公司，即环球(1912)、哥伦比亚 (1924)和联美(1919) 1930s The Golden Age of Hollywood The 1930s decade (and most of the 1940s as well) has been nostalgically labeled “The Golden Age of Hollywood” (although most of the output of the decade was black-and-white). It is also a time for color revolutions and the further development of