Chapter 16Polymeric Materials.ppt

Chapter 16Polymeric Materials Monomers and Polymers Linear and Branched Polymers Types of Polymerization Addition Polymerization Condensation Polymers Extensively Cross-Linked Polymers (SKIP) Three-Dimensional Structure Polymers (SKIP p. 813-818 top) Chapter 16Polymeric Materials Polymer Nomenclature - Monomers and Polymers Definitions of polymer, monomer, plastic, thermoplastic and thermoset plastic in “handout” repeat units, average degree of polymerization Polymer Architecture - Linear and Branched Polymers See handout for depiction of linear, branched, star, comb, ladder and cross-linked networks Polymer Morphology ordered = crystalline regions random = amorphous regions Polymer properties and transitions Modulus (degree of hardness/softness) Glass Transition Temperature (transition from glassy to rubbery) Melt Temperature(transition to viscous flow) Chapter 16Polymeric Materials Types of Polymerization Addition (also called chain-growth) Radical (three steps – initiation, propagation, termination) Cationic Anionic (called “ living” polymer, can make block co-polymers) Condensation (also called step-growth) loss of water Polyester Polyamide Polycarbonate Polyurethane Epoxy resins Polysaccharides (starch) Polypeptides and proteins Chapter 16Polymeric Materials Addition Polymerization Radical Polymerization 3 steps (initiation, propagation, and termination) see handout Ionic Polymerization cationic anionic (living polymers, useful to make “block” co-polymers) Cross-Linking in Polymers (can use bi-functional, tri functional, quadri-functional monomers) Heteroatom-Containing Addition Polymers Polyols can not make polyvinyl alcohol from vinyl alcohol, instead polymerize vinyl acetate and then hydrolyze to polyvinylalcohol Polyethers (e.g., poly(ethylene glycol) Polyacetals (e.g., paraformaldehyde from formaldehyde) Chapter 16Polymeric Materials Condensation Polymers Polyesters (from a dicarboxylic acid and diol) Polysaccharides (from carbohydrate (or sugar) c