网络通信_ch7_数据链路控制.ppt

Bilingual CourseNetwork Communications网络通信(For Master Students in the Department of Electronic Engineering)Chapter 7 Data Link Control Instructor: Dr. Tianshuang Qiu Faculty of the Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Fall of 2010 Outline Because of the possibility of transmission errors, and because the receiver of data may need to regulate the rate at which data arrive, synchronization and interfacing are insufficient. It is necessary to impose a layer of control that provides functions such as flow control, error detection, and error control. This layer is known as data link control protocol. Flow control enables a receiver to regulate the flow of data from a sender so that the receiver’s buffers do not overflow. Error detection is performed by calculating an error-detecting code that is a function of the bits being transmitted. The code is appended to the transmitted bits. The receiver calculates the code based on the incoming bits and compares it to the incoming code to check for errors. In data link control, error control is achieved by retransmission of damaged frames. Background 在分层协议（特别是OSI协议）体系中，包含一个数据链路层。 为什么需要数据链路层 Because of the possibility of transmission errors, and because the receiver of data may need to regulate the rate at which data arrives. It is necessary to impose（施加）a layer of control in each communicating device that provides functions such as flow control, error detection, and error control. This layer of control is know as a data link control protocol. 数据链路层：实现实体之间链路的建立，维护和拆除，形成可用的连接。 数据链路：在使用数据链路控制协议时，系统之间的传输媒体称为数据链路。 数据链路控制的主要功能 线路规程 解决现在时刻该谁发送的问题 流量控制 负责调整某个时间间隙中可以发送多少数据。使接收方能够调整来自发送方的数据流，以防止接收方出现溢出。 差错控制 检测和纠正传输错误。 差错检测的实现：依靠差错检测码的计算实现，它是传输比特的一个函数。差错检测码通常附加在传输的数据位之后。接收方根据接收到的比特计算出差错检测码，然后将其与收到的差错检测码比较，以检查是否有差错。 差错控制的实现：通过重传损坏帧来实现。 数据链路控制的要求和目标 Frame synchronization: Data are sent in blocks called frames. The beginning and end of each frame must be recognizable. Flow control: The sending station must not send f