ch3(第三章讲义).pptVIP

Computer Networks -03 COMPUTER NETWORKSChapter 03 The Data Link Layer Chapter 3 The Data Link Layer Physical: Describes the transmission of raw bits in terms of mechanical and electrical issues. Data Link: Describes how a shared communication channel can be accessed, and how a data frame can be reliably transmitted. Network: Describes how routing is to be done. Mostly needed in subnets. Transport: The hardest one, generally offers connection-oriented as well as connectionless services, and varying degrees of reliability. This layer provides the actual network interface to applications. Application: Contains the stuff that users see: e-mail, remote logins, the Web’s exchange protocol, etc. Note: We’ll just concentrate on transmission issues. Channel access is discussed in Chapter 4 3.1 Data Link Layer Design Issues Basic Services Network layer passes a number of bits (frame) to the data link layer. Data link layer is responsible for transmitting the frame to the destination machine. Receiving layer passes received frame to its network layer. 数据链路层 在有差错的物理线路上，进行无差错的帧传输 点到点（point to point）传输 Functions of the Data Link Layer Providing a well-defined service interface to the network layer Dealing with transmission errors Regulating data flow so that slow receivers are not swamped by fast senders 数据链路层的主要功能 链路管理 data link management 寻址 addressing 成帧 framing 差错控制 error control 流量控制 flow control 3.1.1 Services Provided to the Network Layer (a) Virtual communication. (b) Actual communication. Relationship among packet and frame Data link layer takes the packets it gets from the network layer and encapsulates them into frames for transmission. Each frame contains a frame header, a payload field for holding the packet, and a frame trailer. Frame management forms the heart of what the data link layer does. 网络层中的分组是封装在数据链路层帧当中进行传输的 Services Provided to the Network Layer Unacknowledged connectionless service Source machine sends independent frames to the destin