2012高考英语复习 介词和连词.docVIP

2012高考英语复习介词和连词1、介词的分类与语法功能? （1）介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等）构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。介词分为：简单介词，如at、in、for等；合成介词，如within、inside、onto、througout等；短语介词，如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。双重介词，如from behind / above / under、until after等。分词介词，如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。? 常见的介词宾语：名词、代词、动名词、从句、不定式等。如：? It is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.? ②He quarrelled with her yesterday.? ③He succeeded in passing the final exam.? ④I’m still thinking of how I can fulfil the task ahead of time.? ⑤The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.? （2）介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。如：? This machine is in good condition.(表语)? Where is the key to my bike?(定语)? Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(状语)? She always thinks herself above others.（宾补）?? 2、核心介词用法归纳与辨析? （1）表示时间的介词in的用法如下。? 表示在某一较长时间内，如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in，? in the 1990s, in the year, in January, in(the) winter / summer / fall / spring, in the first week of May。? 还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。如：in a while, in no time, in the daytime, in a short while, in time, in the morning (afternoon, evening)。但要注意：? at night / at noon, in the day(在白天),in the night（大夜间）。? in five days（weeks, months, years）中in意思是“在……以后”。? in和during表一段时间内两词可互用。如：in the night, during the night, in the war, during the war。但略有区别：当接表示“活动”的抽象名词时多用during，接“活动”的动名词及短语时用in。如：? during the discussion in discussing the problem? during her stay in Hubei in playing basketball? during the course of in digging the tunnel? （2）在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕，常用on。? on Sunday(s).on Tuesday morning? on Christmas Day(但at Chrismas),on Christmas Eve, on? Children’s Day ，on March 8, on the morning (afternoon, evening)of Oct.1? early on the morning of Oct.1(区别：in the late / early morning of Oct.1)? on a rainy night, on warm winter days? (3)表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。? at breakfast(supper, lunch),at six? at noon (sunrise, sunset, midday, night, midnight, dawn)? at the age of 15, at the