2012高考英语语法讲解 动词不定式与动词-ing形式.docVIP

2012高考语法讲解 动词不定式与动词ing形式 动词不定式和动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，在使用时分别有下面几点需要注意： （一） 动词不定式 1．feel,? hear,? listen to 等感观动词和 have, let , make等使役动词后的补足语，在主动语态中，不定式不带to；在被动语态中，则必须带to。如： I often hear him sing the song. / He is often heard to sing the song.?? 2. 不定式短语位于介词but, except, besides后时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do 的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。如： She could do nothing but cry. / It has no choice but to lie down and sleep. 3. 不定式修饰的名词或代词与不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。如： ?Have you got a key to unlock the door? (A key unlocks the door.) 4. 不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。如： I have got a letter to write.( I write a letter.) 5.如果不定式作表语形容词的状语，且和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式。如： The book is difficult to understand.( to understand the book) （二） 动词 -ing形式 1． 不定式和动词 -ing形式都可以做主语，动词 -ing形式做主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为；不定式做主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如： Playing with fire is dangerous.（泛指玩火) / To play with fire will be dangerous.（指一具体动作） 2． admit, appreciate, avoid, consider等动词后一般用动词 -ing形式做宾语。 3． 在allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式；如果其后有名词或代词做宾语，然后再跟动词作宾语补足语时，其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。如： We don’t allow smoking here. / We don’t allow students to smoke. 从下面每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 1. Every detail should be thought of ______ that nothing bad will happen during the Olympics. A. make sure?? B. to make sure C. making sure?????? D. be made sure? 2. I think ______ at the Net-bar will surprise Aunt Kate.?? A. your being??? B. you are??? C. you being??? D. you to be 3. —Did that book give the information you need?? —Yes, but ______, I have to read it entirely. A. for finding it???? B. to find it??? C. finding?????? D. finding it 4. — Did you enjoy your visit there?? — Yes, but I’m very sorry ______ so soon. A. for leaving????? B. of leaving??? C. to leave????? D. to have left 5. The professor spoke slowly enough to make his speech easy ______.? A. follow?????? B. to follow??? C. followed????D. following 6. — I thought you had planned to practise the piano today.? — No. I did nothing but ______ computer games