托福阅读复习训练：科学文摘精选（一）.doc

托福阅读复习训练：科学文摘精选（一） 小马过河为大家准备了“托福阅读复习训练：科学文摘精选（一）”， 供各位备考托福的考生们参考使用，来提高自己的托福成绩！免费咨询电话：400-0123-267 　　The 2000 Antarctic Ozone Hole Was Largest Ever 　　The 2000 Antarctic Ozone Hole was the largest ever observed. Earths wetter 　　upper atmosphere may delay global ozone recovery. 　　NASA researchers have found that an increase in water vapor in the 　　stratosphere, stemming partially from greenhouse gases, may delay ozone 　　recovery and increase the rate of climate change. 　　To check on the long-term stratospheric cooling and ozone depletion, NASA put 　　data from satellites and other remote sensors into its GISS global climate 　　model. It was the first study to link greenhouse gases to increased ozone 　　depletion over populated areas. 　　Water and ozone. Climate models show cooler stratospheric temperatures happen 　　when there is more water vapor present. Water vapor also leads to the 　　breakdown of ozone molecules. 　　The stratosphere is the dry layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere, 　　where temperatures increase with height. 　　According to satellite data, upper atmospheric temperatures around the world - 　　at altitudes of 20 to 35 miles high -- have cooled between 5.4 and 10.8 　　degrees Fahrenheit over recent decades. 　　Driving forces. NASA found two driving forces behind the change in 　　stratospheric moisture: 　　Increased emissions of the greenhouse gas methane are transformed into water 　　in the stratosphere, accounting for about a third of the observed increase 　　in moisture there. 　　More water is transported from the lower atmosphere. Warmer air holds more 　　water vapor than colder air, so the amount of water vapor in the lower 　　atmosphere increases as it is warmed by the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse 　　gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, may enhance the transport of 　　water into the stratosphere. 　　The increased transport of water vapor to the stratosphere seems likely to 　　have been induced by human activities. 　　Ozone destruction. Rising greenhouse