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Wireless LANs Introducing WLANs Wireless Data Technologies Wireless Data Technologies (Cont.) 关于802.11标准的描述 无线局域网是IEEE（美国电气及电子工程师学会 ）定义的一个无线标准，其实现的技术是：WI-FI技术，主要是目前在使用的802.11系列标准，目前常用的有4个标准：802.11、802.11b、802.11a、802.11g。 802.11标准是IEEE于1997年推出的，它工作于2.4GHz频段，共享数据速率最高可达2Mbps。它主要用于解决办公室局域网和校园网中用户终端的无线接入问题。 802.11的数据速率不能满足日益发展的业务需要，于是IEEE在1999年相继推出了802.11b、802.11a两个标准。并且在2001年年底又通过802.11g试用混合方案，该方案可在2.4GHz频带上实现54Mbps的数据速率，并与802.11b标准兼容。 802.11b工作于2.4GHz ISM(工业、科技、医疗)频带，采用直接系列扩频和补码键控，能够支持5.5Mbps和11Mbps两种速率，可以与速率为1Mbps和2Mbps的802.11 DSSS(直接序列扩频)系统交互操作， 802.11a工作于5GHz频带(在美国为U-NII频段：5.15-5.25GHz、5.25-5.35GHz、5.725－5.825GHz)。802.11a支持的数据速率最高可达54Mbps。 802.11a速率虽高，但和802.11b不兼容，并且成本也比较高，所以在目前的市场中802.11b仍然占据主导地位，802.11a产品预计将在今后几年内得到快速发展。 802.11g与已经得到广泛使用的802.11b是兼容的，这是802.11g相比于802.11a的优势所在。 Wireless Data Technologies (Cont.) Wireless LAN (WLAN) A WLAN is a shared network. An access point is a shared device and functions like a shared Ethernet hub. Data is transmitted over radio waves. Two-way radio communications (half-duplex) are used. The same radio frequency is used for sending and receiving (transceiver). WLAN Evolution Warehousing Retail Health care Education Businesses Home What Are WLANs? They are: Local In building or campus for mobile users Radio or infrared Not required to have RF licenses in most countries Using equipment owned by customers They are not: WAN or MAN networks Cellular phones networks Packet data transmission via celluar phone networks Cellular digital packet data (CDPD) General packet radio service (GPRS) 2.5G to 3G services Similarities Between WLAN and LAN A WLAN is an 802 LAN. Transmits data over the air vs. data over the wire Looks like a wired network to the user Defines physical and data link layer Uses MAC addresses The same protocols/applications run over both WLANs and LANs. IP (network layer) IPSec VPNs (IP-based) Web, FTP, SNMP (applications) Differences Between WLAN and LAN WLANs use radio waves as the physical layer. WLANs use CSMA/CA