生物工程专业英语复习总结.docVIP

P1 NO.1 Biotechnology is an area of applied bioscience and technology which involves the practical application of biological organisms ，or their subcellular components to manufacturing and service industries and to environment management，biotechnology utilizes bacteria、 yeast 、fungi 、algae、plant cells or cultured mammalian cells as constitutes of industrial processes。 Successful application of biotechnology will result only from the integration of a multiplicity of scientific disciplines and technologies，inclouding microbiology biochemistry， genetics ，molecular biology ，chemistry and chemical and process engineering。 生物工程是属于应用生物科学和技术的一个领域，它包含微生物或其亚细胞组份在制造业、服务业、和环境管理等方面的应用，生物工程利用细菌、酵母菌、真菌、藻类、植物细胞及培养的哺乳动物细胞作为工业生产的组成。只有将微生物学、生物化学、遗传学、分子生物学、化学、和化学工程等多种学科和技术结合起来，生物工程的应用才能获得成功。 Biotechnological processes will normally involve the production of cells or biomass,and the achievement of desired chemical transformations.the latter may be further subdivided into: Formation of a desired end product decomposition of a given starting material 生物学发展史四阶段： biotechnological production of food and beverages biotechnological processes initially developed under non-sterle conditions the introduction of sterility to biotechnological processes new dimensions and possibilities for biotechnological industries recombinant dna manipulation DNA 重组 tissue culture组培 protoplast fusion原生质融合 monoclonal antibody preparation 单克隆抗体 protein structural modification蛋白结构修饰 immobilized enzyme and cell catalysis固定化酶和细胞技术 sensing with the aid of biological molecules生物传感 computer linkage of reactors and processes计算机检测 new biocatalytic reactor design新型生物反应器设计 P9 summary Biotechnology can be considered to be the application of biological organisms and processes to manufacturing industries 。biotechnology encompasses a wide range of disciplines and subjects 。although present day activities are highly sophisticated and novel many of the processes have their roots in the dawn of history. 生物工程是生物应用和工