儿科名解(儿科学名词解释)【荐】.docVIP

浙江大学儿科学教学网站题库汇总 05级三系2班整理 名词解释： Underweight Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone(SIADH) in bacterial meningitis,when hypothalamus or posterior pituitary gland is involved, ADH secretion abnormal, resulting in hyponatremia, hyposmolality and aggravating brain edema, conscious disturbance and convulsion. Severe diarrhea diarrhea not only with severe gastrointestinal symptoms but also with dehydration, electrolyte-acid-base imbalance and systemic toxic symptom, most frequently caused by intra-intestinal infection. Secretory diarrhea Severe pneumonia pneumonia with not only severe respiratory symptoms, but also systemic toxic symptoms and disturbance in other systems, such as brain edema, respiratory failure, heart failure, gastrointestinal bleeding and acidosis. Stunting height be lower than normal mean height-for-age minus two standard deviations, the same sex (moderate: mean -3SD height mean -2SD, severe: height mean -3SD). This index indicate that the child has chronic malnutrition. Small for gestational age Large for gestational age Physiological anemia In infants 2-3 months after birth, the RBC decrease to 3×1012 /L and the Hb decrease to 110 g/L as a result of the decreased level of EPO, the increase of circulation volume and the physiological hemolysis. The process is self- limited. It usually has no clinical manifestations and will recover within 6 months. Postterm infant those born after 42wk of gestation, calculated from the mother’s first day of last menstrual period, regardless of weight at birth. Premature (preterm infant) liveborn infant delivered before 37 wk from the first day of the last menstrual period. Physiological hemolysis Primary pulmonary tuberculosis Primary complex a clinical type of primary pulmonary tuberculosis with thecharacter of initial focus, lymphangitis and lymphadenitis. Its prognosis includes improve or dissolve(completely resolution, induration, calcification ), local progress and exacerbatio