英语词汇学教案上.docVIP

English Lexicology Definition of Lexicology The literal meaning of lexicology is the “science of the word”. It is a branch of linguistics dealing with the vocabulary of a given language. Vocabulary and word The term vocabulary refers to all the words of a given language, while the term word refers to the fundamental unit of a given language, with sound and meaning(lexical and grammatical), capable of performing a given syntactic function. The difference in grammatical meaning can usually cause the change of the lexical meaning. Exercise He tore down the hill. Three enemy planes were downed the day before yesterday. But me no buts. The proposal was fathered by John. Einstein fathered relativity. They are leafletting the outgoing shop shift. The demonstrators marched through the streets, leafletting and shouting slogans. Chapter 1 Word Formation （1） Word formation handles rules of how to build an English word. Patterns Example affixation (prefixation/suffixation) unhappy/teacher compounding blackboard conversion But me no buts. blending Chinglish shortening ad back-formation edit Background Information The expansion of vocabulary in English depends chiefly on word-formation. The most productive are affixation, compounding and conversion. According to pyles and Algeo (1981), words produced through affixation constitute 30% to 40% of the total number of new words, compounding yields 28% to 30% of all the new words; conversion brings 26% of the new vocabulary into modern English. The rest of the new words come from shortening, numbering 8% to 10%, together with 1% to 5% of words born out of blending and other means. Affixation Affixation is a method of word-formation by which new words are created by adding affixes to roots. It is subdivided into prefixation and suffixation. Prefixation: the formation of new words by adding prefixes to roots. Suffixation: the formation of new words by adding suffixes to roots. Prefixation: (1) Prefixes of time and order ex