桥梁支承长度设计方法的研究评述.pdfVIP

学科代码： 桥梁支承长度设计方法研究评述 李博 （同济大学，土木工程防灾国家重点实验室，上海200092） 摘 要：落梁是梁式桥最严重的震害之一，造成落梁最直接的原因是过大的墩梁相对位移。既有研究表明，设置合理的支承 长度是避免落梁最根本和最直接有效的措施。美国AASHTO 规范，美国加州 Caltrans 规范，日本桥梁抗震规范，欧洲规范 (EC8-part2)等规范对于支承长度的设计方法都有详细的规定。相比之下，我国《公路桥梁抗震设计细则》中仅给出了计算最 小支承长度的经验公式，没有考虑很多关键因素的影响。因此，本文对国内外规范中的支承长度设计方法进行了介绍与评价， 并指出我国桥梁抗震规范支承长度计算公式的不足之处，可为今后规范的修订以及实际工程应用提供参考。 关键词：桥梁；地震；落梁；支承长度；设计方法 中图分类号: U442.5+5 文献标识码:A 文章编号: Review of studies on the required seating length for bridges Li Bo （State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 ） Abstract ：The unseating of deck was one of the most severe damage of the girder bridge during the major earthquakes, the reason of which was the excessive relative displacement between the top of the pier and the deck. The most fundamental and effective measure to avoid unseating was setting a reasonable seating length. There are specific provisions on required seating length in the bridge design code of AASHTO, Caltrans, and EC-8 etc, in which different kinds of factors were taken into account. By contrast, the only empirical formula is given in the Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges published in 2008 and ignored many influential factors. Thus ， this paper reviewed the design method of seating length and evaluated the design method of required seating length in current bridge design codes of USA, Japan, Europe and China. It was pointed out the deficiency in the design methods specified in our current guidelines. Key words ：bridge; earthquake; unseating; seating length; design methods 最近20余年，地球上发生了多次地震灾害，如 看，有顺桥向的，也有横桥向和扭转滑移的，但统 1971年美国San Fernando地震(M6.6),1976年中国 计数字表明，顺桥向的落梁约占全部桥梁落梁总数 唐山大地震(M7.8),1989年美国Loma Prieta