南方红豆杉山地造林的坡向与苗木类型选择.pdfVIP

南方红豆杉山地造林的坡向和苗木类型选择* 姜育龙 (旌德县庙首林场，安徽，旌德，邮编242604） 摘 要 南方红豆杉具有极高的经济价值和良好的开发推广前景。本研究通过对一年生苗 木和二年生苗木在不同坡向的山地造林和不同苗木类型造林的成活和新梢生长进行研究，探 讨在安徽山地条件下开发和推广南方红豆杉的可靠技术。研究表明，坡向是影响造林成活率 和造林质量的重要因素，坡向造林选择以阴坡或半阴坡为优，并且以二年生幼苗造林效果较 好。三种坡向种植的一年生幼苗和二年生幼苗均是以阴坡成活率最高，新梢生长量也以阴坡 表现最好。二年生苗的春秋成活率差异程度不会因坡向而发生很大变化，而一年生苗的阴坡 保存率最好，而阳坡的苗木保存率最差。苗木选择2 年生幼苗并以宿土苗的形式移栽有利于 造林。在三种坡向上的2 年生幼苗造林的成活率保存率和新梢生长都要显著优于一年生苗， 并且新梢的生长量也以2 年生幼苗较好。宿土苗造林得到的春季成活率和秋季成活率都极显 著高于裸根苗造林。 关键词 南方红豆杉 山地造林 坡向 苗龄 苗木类型 The choosing of aspect and seedling types for Taxus chinensis var.mairei afforestation in mountain Jiang Yu-long ( ) Abstract Taxus chinensis var.mairei is an important economic tree. One year seedling and two year seedling were planted in different aspect. The afforestation survival rate and its shoot growth were researched in this paper. Results were concluded that the aspect was an important factor for Taxus chinensis var.mairei. Shady slope and half shaded slope were suitable for Taxus chinensis var.mairei planting. Two years seedlings grew more better than one year seedlings. Both one year seedling and two years seedling, the afforestation survival rate in shady slope were higher. The aspect of mountain had small affect on the preserving rate of two years seedlings, compared to its opposite that preserving rate of one year seedlings were significantly affected by aspect. One year seedlings planted in shady slope had best preserving rate, and in sunny slope was lowest. The shoot growth and preserving rate of two year seedling were all better than one year seedling. Soil-sticked seedlings was good for mountain planting. Key words Taxus chinensis var.mairei mountain plantation slope aspect seedling age seedling types 南方红豆杉是珍贵用材、药用、观赏树种，属阴性浅根性树种，是国家一级重点保护的