浦东新王牌张U老师高三语法资料.docVIP

(一) 比较级、最高级及形容词、副词的基本表示方法 考点归纳 1. 表示倍数的常用结构: (原级比较、平衡结构) ? A + v. (be) + 倍数 / 分数 + as + adj. + as + B This book is twice as thick as that one. ? A + v. (be) + 倍数 / 分数 + the price / size / weight / age / amount / length … + of + B My room is five times the size of yours. ? A + v. (be) + 倍数 / 分数 + a. / adv. 比较级 + than + B This room is four times larger than that one. ? A + v. (be) + 倍数 + that / those of + B (= as much as …) His weight is three times that of mine. *? 基数词 + -fold From 1980 to 1990, Danube (多瑙河) shipping increased more than sixfold. 2. 比较级(及其他)表示最高级的常用结构: ? A + v. (be) + 比较级 + than + any other + n. (single) Russia is bigger than any other country in the world. ? A + v. (be) + 比较级 + than + anyone / anything, etc. + else Jimmy is taller than anyone else in his class. ?the others ? A + v. (be) + 比较级 + than + any of + ? ?the other + n. (plural) Jimmy is taller than any of the other students / the others in his class. ? be second to none e.g. This building is second to none in height in this city. 3. 比较级、最高级修饰语: 比较级前可加诸如even, far, much, still, a lot等的程度副词；当比较对象属于同一范围时应使用other / else将本身排除在范围外 4. 合成词作定语的表达方式: a 5-year-old boy / a four-legged pet；注意be of (great) help = helpful 5. n. + -ly ? adj. adj. + -ly ? adv. e.g. friendly, carefully 某些副词有两种形式，一是与形容词同形，二是由该形容词加 -ly构成，注意区分异同: deep, deeply high, highly close, closely dead, deadly, dying well, good bad, badly farther, further live, alive, lively late, later, latest, latter, lately clear, clearly easy, easily, etc. 6. -ed与 -ing型形容词的区别: 前者用于描述人的感受，后者用于修饰引发该感受的人事 7. too much修饰不可数名词或动词；much too修饰形容词或副词原级 8. 多个形容词修饰一个名词时，根据形容词与所修饰名词的关系密切程度来排序，从左至右，依次为 ①冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词；②序数词、基数词；③性质、特征；④尺寸；⑤ 大小、长短、形状；⑥年龄、新旧；⑦颜色；⑧国籍、出处；⑨材料；⑩用途、类别也可表达为 (选自《新编英语语法教程》) 限定词→表示说话人评价的形容词→表示大小、形状、新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→ 表示国别、来源、材料的形容词→表示用途或目的的形容词或分词、名词等类别词→名词 9. 古英语遗留下来的几个 -ed 分词用法问题: 如dr