2013外研版必修五Module 4《Carnival》课件ppt.pptVIP

* 被 动 语 态 详 解 高中英语必修5 Module4 Grammar 山西民贤高中1106班公开课 2012－10－17 (一) 语 态 分 类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受” “挨”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以do 为例，列表如下： 一般现在时： am / is / are + done 一般过去时： was / were +done 一般将来时： shall / will + done 一般过去将来时： should / would + done 现在进行时： am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时： was / were + being + done 现在完成时： have / has + been + done 过去完成时： had + been + done 将来完成时： shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时： should / would + have been + done ?［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)被动语态常用的八种时态 1. 一般现在时： People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. 2. 一般过去时： The students didnt forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten. 3. 一般将来时： They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers 4. 过去将来时： The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 5. 现在进行时： We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted. 6. 过去进行时： This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year. 7. 现在完成时： We have brought down the price. The price has been brought down. 8. 过去完成时： When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets. When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 9. 含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class. (四) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用 （1）当我们不知道动作的执行者时 Printing was introduced