knn纳米纤维的制备与表征.docVIP

齐 齐 哈 尔 大 学 毕业论文 题 目 溶胶凝胶法铌酸钾钠纳米纤维的制备与表征 学 院 材料科学与工程学院 专业班级? 无 机 083 班 学生姓名 张智颖 指导教师 成 绩 2012年6月日摘要 对压电材料施加产生电位差本文对溶胶凝胶法铌酸钾钠纤维的制备进行多尝试，μm之间、单根不分叉直径在6～15μm之间的纤维。通过X射线衍射仪、试验数据的多次多组分析与比较，多次逐步改进工艺最后得出离子浓度、溶剂、胶体浓度对静电纺丝的影响；原料、离子浓度纺丝时间、烧结时间、烧结温度对铌酸钾钠纤维的影响。 关键词：铌酸钾钠；溶胶凝胶法；静电纺丝；烧结工艺Abstract Niobate potassium and sodium is a lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, because of its lead-free non-toxic, excellent piezoelectric properties, are now more and more scholars study. In this paper experiments on the sol-gel method niobate potassium and sodium Fibers several attempts, and prepare a fiber diameter of between 2 and 3μm, a single bifurcation diameter of 6-15μm. Tested by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy data repeatedly multi-group analysis and the comparison many times, many times the gradual improvement process. The conclusion that the ion concentration, solvent, colloidal concentration electrospinning colloid; raw materials, the ion concentration on the preparation of potassium sodium niobate fiber crystalline; spinning time, sintering time, sintering temperature, acid, potassium and sodium on the niobium nano-fiber morphology. And more niobate potassium and sodium Nanofibers process: take niobate potassium and sodium concentration in the sol 0.6mol/L sol in the ratio of potassium and sodium niobium take of Na:K:Nb=0.6:0.6:1 electrospinning set the voltage of 22kV, the time to take four hours, set electrospinning collection fiber sintering sintering temperature of 650°C, time to take four minutes. Key words: Potassium sodium niobate; sol-gel method; electrospinning; sintering process 目 录摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 纳米材料 1 1.1.1 纳米材料的特性与定义 2 1.1.2 纳米材料的用途 3 1.2 静电纺丝（电纺） 4 1.2.1 静电纺丝基本概念 4 1.2.1 静电纺丝装置与原理 4 1.2.3 影响静电纺丝的因素 9 1.3 溶胶-凝胶法（Sol-Gel） 10 1.3.1 水解反应 11 1.3.2 聚合反应 11 1.4 压电陶瓷纤维 12 1.4.1 压电材料的发现与机理 12 1.4.2 压电材料的分类 12 1.4.3 铌酸钾钠纳米陶瓷纤维 13 1.5 铌酸钾钠纤维的研究意义、目标和内容 13