基于PLC的三相异步电动机正反转互锁电路设计.doc

摘要 可编程控制器（PLC）因其具有控制速度快、可靠性高、灵活性强This design take the 0.75KW electric motor as an example, designs PLC to control the three-phase asynchronous motor to reverse the electric circuit. The electric circuit used two CJX2-0901 exchange contact device KM1, KM2 to trade receives a telegram the motive three-phase power source the foreword, realized electric motors clockwise and the reverse, to prevent at the same time two contact devices the movement to cause the power source to short-circuit, the interlock is used to reverse the control circuit. When the control circuit, has mainly used Beijing and the advantage the PLC timer control three-phase asynchronous motor the procedure which reverses, and using its programmed control corresponding entity, enables the electric motor to be able to realize clockwise 20S, stops 6S, then reverses again 20S, finally stops 6S, so circulates carries on. Thus very good has realized the three-phase asynchronous motors clockwise, the reverse and the stop control. This PLC control circuit control is flexible, the reliability is high, the cost is low, installment and easy to operate. key word: PLC, the three-phase asynchronous motor, is reversing. Keywords: PLC, three-phase induction motor, rotating, 目录 摘要 I ABSTRACT II 目录 III 1 引言 1 2 本设计的目的、意义与要求 2 2.1 设计的目的及意义 2 2.2 设计的要求 2 2.3设计的内容 2 3 PLC控制三相异步电动机正反转互锁的电路设计 4 3.1接触器互锁的三相异步电动机正反转电路 4 3.1.1接触器互锁的三相异步电动机正反转电路的主接线图 4 3.1.2接触器互锁的三相异步电动机正反转电路的工作原理 4 3.1.3 设计的结果 5 3.2 PLC定时器控制电动机正反转互锁的设计 5 3.2.1定时器控制电动机正反转电路的主接线图 5 3.2.2 PLC的I/O分配 6 3.2.3绘制外围接线图 6 3.2.4 PLC定时器控制三相异步电动机正反转的梯形图 7 3.2.5定时器控制电动机正反转的指令表程序 8 4 PLC控制三相异步电动机正反转互锁电路的验证 9 4.1验证实验中元器件的选择 9 4.2 连接实体的步骤 10 4.3 实体框形图 11 4.4程序的调试 12 4.5 结果 14 5 结论 15 参考文献 16 致谢 17 1 引言 随着微电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展，PLC在工业控制领域内得到了十分广泛的应用，从单片机自动化到整条生产线的自动化，乃至整个工厂的自动化，从柔性制造系统、工业机器人到分散式网络化控制系统，PLC都承担着极其重要的角色，从而被称之为“先进国家工业三大支柱”之一。 三相异步电动机的正反转控制线路作为一个基本控制环节在电气控制线路中用的非常广泛。在电动机正反转换接时，有可能因同一元件的常开、常闭触点的切换没有时间的延迟，有可能因为电动机容量较大或操作不当等原因，使接触器主触头产生较严重的燃弧现象，如果电弧还没有完全熄灭时，反转的接触器就闭合，则会造