电解银粉的制备及其电结晶.pdfVIP

第 15 卷第 3 期 粉末冶金材料科学与工程 2010 年 6 月 Vol.15 No.3 Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy Jun. 2010 电解银粉的制备及其电结晶 任同兴，曹华珍，王志伟，郑国渠 (浙江工业大学 化学工程与材料学院，杭州 310032) 摘 要：采用恒电流电解法，以 HNO +AgNO 体系为电解液制备银粉。通过 X 射线衍射(XRD)分析和电化学测 3 3 试，研究电解液组份、沉积电位、电解温度以及添加剂等因素对银粉电结晶过程的影响。结果表明，电解液中 HNO3 浓度过大或过小都不利于获得细小晶粒，在硝酸质量浓度为 10g/L 时可制备晶粒尺寸相对较小(56.4 nm)的 银粉；AgNO3 质量浓度在 10～20 g/L 范围内，对晶核的形成速率和晶粒尺寸影响不大；较低的沉积电位和较高的 电解温度均有利于提高银粉的电沉积速率；在电解液中加入含酸性基团的烷烃基铵盐添加剂(质量浓度 0.5 g/L)， 可大大促进新的晶核形成速率，有利于制备更细的电解银粉。 关键词：枝状银粉；电化学制备；电结晶；添加剂 中图分类号：TF111.13 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1673-0224(2010)3-206-06 Preparation of electrolysis Ag powder and its electrocrystallization REN Tong-xing, CAO Hua-zhen, WANG Zhi-wei, ZHENG Guo-qu (College of chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China) Abstract: High purity Ag powder with branch-like structure was prepared in HNO +AgNO aqueous solution by 3 3 galvanostatic electrolysis. The effects of electrolyte composition and electrolysis factors on electrocrystallization process were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and electrochemical techniques. The results show that the appropriate concentration of HNO3 is 10 g/L, the grain size of silver powder is 56.4 nm. It has little effect on Ag electrocrystallization when the concentration of AgNO3 is in the rang of 10−20 g/L. The electrodeposition rate of Ag powder can be improved by reducing deposition potential or increasing electrolysis te