引水等综合整治后杭州西湖氮、磷营养盐时空变化（1985~2013年）.pdfVIP

J.Lake Sci.(湖泊科学),2015,27(3):371-377 http:// .E-mail:jlakes@ ©2015 by Journal of Lake Sciences 引水等综合整治后杭州西湖氮、磷营养盐时空变化(1985 2013年)∗ 1 2 1 2 1 尤爱菊 ,吴芝瑛 ,韩曾萃 ,杨　 俊 ,滑　 磊 (1:浙江省水利河口研究院,杭州310020) (2:杭州市西湖水域管理处,杭州310002) 摘　 要:经引水等综合整治后,西湖外湖、西里湖总磷(TP)浓度累计下降58% 和78% ,总氮(TN)浓度累计下降16.7% 和 7.7% ,透明度提高100%~200% ,富营养状态得到极大缓解. 比较1986年治理前,西湖各湖区因来水、引水和排水格局差 异较大,TP浓度的年内变化特点及驱动因素也存在较大差异:杨公堤以西的上游湖区因优质水源补充TP浓度总体较低, 同时受流域降雨径流面源输入影响,呈现时段性升高;杨公堤和苏堤之间的中游湖区优质水源补充量最大,湖区水体更 新最快,TP浓度最低且变化相对最为稳定;苏堤以东的外湖区水体更新相对最慢,在夏、秋高温季节因底泥污染释放,TP 浓度出现峰值.因外来引水量大且未经脱氮处理,西湖各湖区TN年内变化基本与钱塘江取水口TN浓度变化一致,同时 因流域降雨径流面源输入而出现时段性波动.基于TP质量平衡模型分析,各湖区水质空间差异主要受水体年交换次数 影响,其次受单位水体的年污染负荷影响. 关键词:西湖;总磷;总氮;时空分布;影响因子 Spatial and temporal distributions and variations of nutrients in the West Lake, Hang- zhou,afterthe implementationof integrated water management program (1985 2013) 1 2 1 2 1 YOU Aiju ,WU Zhiying ,HAN Zengcui ,YANGJun HUA Lei (1:Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics Estuary,Hangzhou310020,P.R.China) (2:Hangzhou WestLakeAdministration,Hangzhou310002,P.R.China) Abstract:Throughtheintegratedmanagementincludingwaterdiversion,thetotalphosphorus (TP)concentrationsweredecreased by58% and78% ,thetotalnitrogen (TN)decreasedby16.7% and7.7% ,andtransparencyraisedby100% to200% ,respec- tively,intheouterWestLakeandtheinnerWestLake. Eutrophicationstatuswasgreatlyreducedinthelake. Comparedtothesit- uation before the implementation of the program in 1986,due to the huge differences in inflow,diversion and drainage patterns, the characteristics of TP concentration variationswithin theyear and their drivingfactorshave great differencesin different regions of the lake. In the upper lake region located in the west of Yanggongdi,TP concentration was low because of the supplement of high qualitydivertedwater,andtheconcentrationsincreasedincertainperiodsoftimebytheinfluencesofrainfall-runoff non-point sources. Th