2014ICM中英对照.doc

2014 ICM Problem （红色是我认为的关键点） Using Networks to Measure Influence and Impact 使用网络来测量影响和冲击 One of the techniques to determine influence of academic research is to build and measure properties of citation or co-author networks. 建立和衡量引用文献（或合著者网络）的属性是决定学术研究影响的其中一项技术。 Co-authoring a manuscript usually connotes a strong influential connection between researchers. 研究者共同合作撰写一份手稿通常意味着他们之前有着强而有力的关系（连结）。 One of the most famous academic co-authors was the 20th-century mathematician Paul Erd?s who had over 500 co-authors and published over 1400 technical research papers. 其中，最出名的学术合著者要数20世纪的数学家Paul Erdos，一个与超过500合著者合作过已经出版超过1400 技术性研究论文的人。 It is ironic, or perhaps not, that Erd?s is also one of the influencers in building the foundation for the emerging interdisciplinary science of networks, particularly, through his publication with Alfred Rényi of the paper “On Random Graphs” in 1959. 讽刺的是，（或者本来就是）,Erdos 也是其中一个在建立新兴交叉科学网络基础上的影响者，尤其是他与Alfred Rény 合著并在1959年出版的刊物“On Random Graphs(关于随机图。 Erd?s’s role as a collaborator was so significant in the field of mathematics that mathematicians often measure their closeness to Erd?s through analysis of Erd?s’s amazingly large and robust co-author network (see the website /enp/ ). 作为一个合作者，在数学领域Erdos的存在显得如此重要，数学家经常通过Edros惊人庞大和健全的合著者网络来衡量他们与Erdos距离（见网站/enp/）。 The unusual and fascinating story of Paul Erd?s as a gifted mathematician, talented problem solver, and master collaborator is provided in many books and on-line websites (e.g., http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Erdos.html ). 天生的数学家、天才的问题解决者、擅长的合作者Paul Erdos有着不寻常和令人着迷的故事，这些故事在许多书籍和在线网站都有提供(e.g., http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Erdos.html)。 Perhaps his itinerant lifestyle, frequently staying with or residing with his collaborators, and giving much of his money to students as prizes for solving problems, enabled his co-authorships to flourish and helped build his astounding network of influence in several areas of mathematics. 也许由于他不固定的生活方式，经常与他的合作者同住在一起，并给