生态旅游简介 -- 新西兰怀卡多大学人文系哲学科课件.pdfVIP

Ecotourism; Overview Tourism and the economy • New Zealand had 2.6 million international visitors last year, 1.2 million of them on holiday. • Their total expenditure was $5.763 billion, and that doesn’t include domestic tourism. • Tourism contributes $6.6 billion (3.8%) to NZ’s GDP. • 4.8% of the total workforce are employed in tourism. (Statistics from the Ministry of Economic Development) 2 Tourism positives • Brings in money from overseas. • Creates jobs • Generates infrastructure (roads, airports etc.) • Can revive otherwise depressed areas, e.g. Coromandel, Northland, Kaikoura, West Coast. 3 Tourism and ethics • Social justice problems • Environment problems • D’Sa’s article gives good examples of both. 4 D’Sa • Example from Goa • Tourism is said to benefit locals, but they receive little benefit. • Resources are diverted to build resorts. • E.g. the diversion of millions of litres of water for hotel lawns and swimming pools. • E.g. power supply intermittent for locals, but guaranteed for tourists. • Locals offered menial jobs. • Local culture and environment is degraded. 5 Social justice issues: • Wealthy Northern tourists enjoy resources of South many Southerners cannot afford • Poor Southerners denied entry to North • North treats third world as - Resources - Rest and recreation for bored Northerners. 6 Social and cultural disadvantages of tou