外文翻译--CAD硬件.doc

外语文献翻译 原文： 3.4.1CAD HARDWARE Computers There are two major types of hardware used in a CAD system. Computer and input/output (I/O) devices. In the early days of CAD. Some commercial CAD systems used proprietary computers. Today, nearly all CAD software runs on a general-purpose computer. Depending on the complexity of the CAD package, it may require a mainframe computer, a minicomputer, or simply a microcomputer. In general, the more functionalities a CAD system provides, the more powerful the computer needed. Three dimensional solid modelers require much more computing than do two-dimensional drafting systems; thus, they need more powerful computers. Systems that integrate engineering analysis or simulation packages generally are more computation-intensive. A powerful computer not only speeds up the response of a CAD system, but also can support multiple users without significant performance degradation. Several other parameters and components concerning the computer also have to be considered. CAD HARDWARE random-access memory (RAM)capacity permanent disk-storage capacity special graphics accelerator tape backups RAM is the actual physical memory (vs. virtual memory)of a computer. A small memory capacity means slow processing due to frequent swapping between the physical memory and the virtual memory on disk. Because CAD is extremely storage demanding, disk capacity is important. Small disk capacity limits the system to the storage of only a few drawings. CAD is graphics-based and requires tremendous data processing. A graphics accelerator can drastically increase the performance of the system. Another component, the hard disk, is typically the major cost of a computer system. Therefore, it is not cost-justifiable to store all drawings on line on disk. Magnetic tape is still the most economical medium to use for off-line data storage. It is necessary for a CAD system to have a tape backup subsystem. Currently, all levels of computers are used