3初中,代词(19页).docVIP

：代词 代词是代替名词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。 人称代词的基本用法： 主格：用作句子的主语，放在动词前（疑问句式放在特殊动词后）； e.g She lives in Toronto, Canada. Does he speak English? 宾格：用作句子的宾语，放在动词或介词后； e.g Yesterday my mother bought me a new bike. I usually go to movies with her on weekends. 形容词性物主代词：用作句子的定语，之后必须带名词； e.g This is my book. That’s his book. 名词性物主代词：相当于一个名词词组，之后不能带名词（其代换的名词需在前文中出现）； e.g His book is much newer than mine(= my book). 反身代词：一般放在动词后，要求同主语人称一致。 e.g She teaches herself English. 一. 人称代词 　　人称代词起代表人和事物的作用，有人称、数和格的变化。 人称代词: 主格: 单数I 、 you 、 he 、 she 、it 复数 we 、you 、they　　 宾格: 单数me 、you 、him 、her 、it 复数us 、 you 、them’s you. 　　4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。　　 Jack is older than her. 　　 Xiao Li is older than I am. 5.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为:二,三,一人称。　　You, she and I enjoy the music.’t she? 7.it 的用法： （1）、常用来代替不明性别的小孩child 和 baby 婴儿。 It is a lovely child. Is it a boy or a girl? （2）、指代this 或 that What’s this? It’s a cat. That must be a cat,isn’t it? (3).指代时间、距离、天气、环境等 What’s the weather like today? It’s windy’ It’s about five minuts’ walk from my home to school. It’s time to go home. If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home. He liked living there,it was usually very quiet. (4).用来确指某人，特别是身份不明的人。 Who is it? It’s the postman. I don’t know it was you. (5).指代前文提到过的一件事情 I won’t do it agait. Have you heard about it? Don’t mention it. A woman saw it happen. （6）.作形式主语或形式宾语代替不定式、动名词短语或主语从句 It’s nice of you to give me so much help. It seems that Chinese food is the most popular in the world. How long does it take you to go home by bike? He found it very difficult to sleep. I think it right to do it like this. (7).it、 that、 one 的用法区别 A、替代含义的不同 It 替代特定的、同一的事物，既可以代替可数名词单数，又可以代替不可数名词。 That 替代特定的、但不同一的事物，既可以代替可数名词单数，又可以代替不可数名词。 One 替代一个不确定的、泛指的人或物，只替代可数名词单数。 Yestoday I lost my pen,but I’ve found it. Yestoday I lost my pen,but now I’ve bought one . My seat is next to that of my teacher.