初中英语__代词_讲解1.docVIP

代词 一. 人称代词　1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 ?????????????? ? 主格????????????????????? ? ? 宾格 第一人称????? ? I?????????????????????? ? ? ?me ?????????????? ? ? we?????????????????????? ? ? us 第二人称?????? you????????????????????? ? ? you ????????????? ? ? ?you??????????????????????? ? you 第三人称?????? he she it??????????????? ? ?him her it ?????????????? ? ? they???????????????????? ? ?them ??? 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如：　 I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语） 3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如： ---Who is knocking at the door? ---It’s me. 4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。 如： He is older than me. He is older thanI . ?二. 物主代词　1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性 物主代词，如下表所示. ?????????????????? ? 形容词性的???????? ? 名词性的 ??第一人称?? ? ?? my?????????????? ? mine ????????????????? ? ? our????????????? ? ours ? ? ? 第二人称??? ? ? your???????????? ? yours ??????????????????? ? your???????????? ? yours??????????????????????? ?? ? 第三人称????? ? his????????????? ? his ??????????????????? ? her????????????? ? hers ????????????????? ? ? its??????????? ? ? its ??????????????????? ? their??????????? ? theirs 2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：　 Our teacher is coming to see us.　 This is herpencil-box.　3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。　　Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）　 --- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）　 --- No. Mine is in my bag.　 Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语） 三. 指示代词　 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：　 This is a pen and that is a pencil．　 We are busy these days．　 In those days the workers had a hard time． 2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. 　 What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English． 3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：　 Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai． 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表