初四unit6讲练稿.docVIP

Unit 6 By the time I got outside , the bus had already left. 语法（一） 复习现在完成时 1. 概念:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影后果。 2. 构成： have /has + 动词的过去分词 3. 用法（1）谓语动词为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用 （2）谓语动词为延续性动词，与时间段连用构成4种句型 ①主 + have /has + 动词的过去分词+ for + 时间段. ②主+ have /has + 动词的过去分词+ since + 时间点 （ 包括时间段+ ago ） ③It’s + 时间段+ since+ 一般过去时的句子（ 谓语非延续） ④时间段+has passed+since+一般过去时的句子（ 谓语非延续） 如 I have kept this book for three days. = I have kept this book since three days ago. = It’s three days since I borrowed this book. = Three days has passed since I borrowed this book. （二） 讲解过去完成时 1.概念：表示一个动作或状态在某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束。即“过去的过去”。 2.构成 had + 动词的过去分词 She had arrived at the village before 8 o’clock last night. ⒊句式 ①肯定句 :主语+ had + 动词的过去分词+ 其它. They had collcted over 1000 stamps by the end of last month. ②否定句: 主语+ hadnt + 动词的过去分词+ 其它. Her little brother hadnt gone into the bathroom by the time she got up. ③一般疑问句: Had+ 主语+ 动词的过去分词+ 其它. Had you started teaching when she got to the class ? Yes,I had . / No ,I hadnt. 4. 用法； （1）表示过去某一时刻前已发生的动作或状态，常与by ，before ，after, until ，when 等引导的过去时间状语连用. The bus had already left by the time I got outside. 我到外面的时候公共汽车已经走了。 （2）用于宾语从句.从句的动作发生在主语的动作之前，主句为一般过去时。 He told me that he had heard of the good news. (3) 表示一个动作或状态在某一时间之前开始,并一直延续到这一过去的时间。标志 by the time + 从句, by 短语, how long , for, since 等 By the time I left that school ,I had learnt English for two years. 【注】（1）already “已经”多用于完成时肯定句中，但有时用在疑问句句末表示：意外，惊讶。 Have your child started school already? （2）yet “尚未，已经”用于完成时否定句和疑问句句末。 （3）never 表示否定“从未” （4）ever 用于完成时否定句和疑问句中“曾经”。 Section A 1.by the time /when +一般过去时的句子,后接过去完成时的主句. 到…..时刻为止 By the time she got to class,the teacher had already stared teaching. 2 .leave +地点 离开某地 leave for + 地点 动身到某地去 ★不能与时间段连用,否则用be away from leave sth + 地点状语, 把某物遗忘在某处 leave my keys in the backpack forget sth 把某物/ 某事忘了 3.look stressed out 看起来紧张 no wonder 难怪 4. get back to school 回到学