中考英语专项复习之主谓一致.docVIP

【考点直击】 1. 语法一致的原则 2. 意义一致的原则 3. 邻近一致的原则 【考点聚焦】主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，从近年来中考的试题来看，对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下内容： 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、v-ing或者从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。 The apple is still green. It’s very beautiful. Seeing is believing. To learn English well is very necessary . Who will be sent there is not known to us all . The books on the desk are mine . 2、由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： The wife and husband are from Shanghai . The poet and writer has come. 3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 4、名词或代词后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ，as well as ，together with, along with，like 等引导的介词短语作主语时 ，谓语动词与前面的名词或代词保持一致。例如： The woman with two children is my aunt . All my classmates but Lucy are here now . 注意：主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语，谓语要与主语保持一致。 Mr Smith , followed by his wife and three children , has just arrived. 5、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle(牛), clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。 The people are talking in the room . 6、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 My class is like a big family . 我的班级像是一个大家庭。 The class are all reading their books . 全班的同学都在读书。 7、 当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 《纽约时报》 8、 news ，maths，physics ，politics等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数. No news is good news. 9、“the +形容词”(如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，the brave 等)作主语，谓语动词往往用复数 The rich are not always happy . 10、由some-, any-, no-, every-和-one，- thing ，-body 构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。 Everyone is here today 。 Everything is ready now 。 Nobody is allowed to break the rule . 11、有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors剪刀 ,gloves, pants , shorts等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 注意：如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如： Here are some new pairs of shoes. My new pair of socks is on the bed. 12、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 Ten days is a long time for me . Five yuan is enough . 13、