名词数的研究.docVIP

　 ? 　　英语名词是英语学习者的一个重要学习内容。英语名词的数一直是英语语法研究中一个不可回避的话题。在认知语言学中，原型范畴理论被广泛使用，它多用来解释多义词现象。英语名词的数范畴是一个语义范畴，因此，该理论被用于本论文中来讨论英语名词的数。　　根据范畴理论，英语名词的数是人们范畴化的结果。在客观世界中，人们将所认知到的事物分为单个个体以及复数个体。数的产生基础源于人们对客观事物的范畴化，经概念投射在人脑中形成数概念，经符号表征在语言中形成数范畴。 英语名词的数范畴可以分为两个子范畴--单数范畴和复数范畴。数有形式和意义两个方面，据此单数范畴可以被进一步划分为单数形式和单数意义，复数范畴也可以被进一步划分为复数形式和复数意义。在认知语言学的框架下，无论是概念化、范畴化还是原型范畴理论，他们都是以语义为中心来进行讨论的。从语义的角度来分析，单数是指客观世界中的单个个体，而复数被定义为客观世界中的多个个体。名词的单数和复数范畴各有自己的原型和非原型，它们的原型在语言中的表征方式是，单数意义表征为单数形式，复数意义则表征为复数形式；它们的非原型在语言中的表征方式是，单数意义表征为复数形式，复数意义表征为单数形式。其结果是英语名词的“数”出现了一致式和非一致式两种表征方式。 本文以原型范畴理论为指导对英语名词数范畴的生成和扩展进行研究，在此基础上对英语名词“数”的一致式表征和非一致式表征进行了解释。本文的研究是对原型范畴理论的运用，对英语名词数的学习、使用和教学具有参考价值。 ? The English noun is one of the most important learning contents for English language learners. The number of English nouns has always been an unavoidable topic in the study of English grammar. In Cognitive Linguistics, the prototype theory is widely used to explain the phenomenon of polysemy. The number category of English nouns is a semantic category. And therefore, the prototype theory is applied here in this thesis to the discussion of the number of English nouns. 　　　According to the category theory, the number of English nouns is the product of people’s categorization. In the real world, things are categorized into single entities and plural entities by human beings. The basis of the generation of the number is the categorization of the world. The concept of number is generated in human beings’ brain through conceptualization and is represented as linguistic symbols in the language system, and therefore the number category is generated in language. 　　　The number category of English nouns is divided into two subcategories, the singular number and the plural number. There are two aspects, the number form and the number meaning, in each number. And accordingly, the singular number is further divided into the singular form and the singular meaning. And the plural form and the plural meaning are the two aspects of the plural nu