英文翻译--热处理专业.docVIP

In dealing with microstructures, it is sometimes convenient to use the term microconstituent（微观组织）, that is, an element of the microstructure having an identifiable and characteristic structure. For example, in the point m inset, Figure 3.14, there are two microconstituents, namely, primary αand eutectic structure. Thus the eutectic structure is a microconstituent even though it is a mixture of two phases, because it has a distinct lamellar structure, with a fixed ratio of the two phases. It is possible to compute the relative amounts of both eutectic and primary αmicroconstituents. Since the eutectic microconstituent always forms from the liquid having the eutectic composition, this microconstituent may be assumed to have composition of 61.9 wt% Sn. Hence, the lever rule is applied using a tie line between the α-(α+β) phase boundary (18.3 wt% Sn) and the eutectic composition. For example, consider the alloy of composition C4’ in Figure 3.16. The fraction of the eutectic microconstituent We is just the same as the fraction of liquid WL from which it transforms, or (3.10) 　 Furthermore, the fraction of primary α, Wα’, is just the fraction of the αphase that existed prior to the eutectic transformation; or, for Figure 3.16, Figure 3.16 The lead-tin phase diagram used in computations for a relative amounts of primary αand eutectic microconstituents for an alloy of composition C4’ (3.11) The fractions of total α, Wα (both eutectic and primary), and also of total β, Wβ, are determined by use of the lever rule and a tie line that extends entirely across theα+β phase field. Again, for an alloy having composition C4’, (3.12) and (3.13) Analogous transformations and microstructures result for alloys having compositions to the right of the eutectic (i.e., between 61.9 and 97.8 wt% Sn). However, below