c语言英文版课件.pptVIP

* Based on the purpose of software, the computer software can be categorized as two types. They are application software and system software. In the early computer environments of 1950s and 1960s, a user had to initially load system software by hand to prepare the computer to do anything. Today, the so-called bootstrap loader is internally contained in ROM and is a permanent, automatically executed component of the computer’s system software. * The operating system is a typical system software. It is a set system programs used to operate and control a computer. Some operating system can handles multiple users at the same time. Such operating systems permit more than one user to run a program on computer. Each user can feel that the computer and peripherals are his or her alone. This kind of system is referred to as multi-user system. There is another type of system, in which the operating systems permit each user to run multiple programs. And this type of system is called as multiprogrammed and multitasking systems. * 60 minutes * Before we write the computer program, we must clearly understand what data is to be used, the desired result, and the steps to be used to produce this result. The steps selected to produce the result is referred to as algorithm. More precisely, algorithm can be defined as a step-by-step sequence of instructions that describes how the data are to be processed to produce the desired outputs. Only after understanding the data to be used and selecting an algorithm can we code the program. So we can thought of programming as the translation of a selected algorithm into a program that the computer can execute. In our case, we will convert our steps into C language. In order to explain what the algorithm is clearly, let’s consider a simple problem. Assume that we want to write a program to calculate the sum of all number from 1 through 100. The figure shows two methods to complete the task. We can get the result by adding all the numbers