Slagmetal reactions during welding. Part I. Evaluation and reassessment of existing theories.pdf

Slag-Metal Reactions during Welding: Part I. Evaluation and Reassessment of Existing Theories U. MITRA and T.W. EAGAR A critical review of current thermodynamic theories of slag-metal reactions is presented. A series of preliminary experiments indicates that the previously proposed droplet theory is incorrect and the primary reactions controlling Mn, Si, and Cr content occur in the weld pool. In addition, these experiments show that the net transfer of oxygen is independent of the transfer of Mn and Si. I. INTRODUCTION successfully tested by applying it to numerous data published by previous investigators. DURING submerged arc welding (SAW), as in other flux-shielded processes, chemical reactions take place II. ANALYSES BASED ON between the slag and the metal. This interaction results METALLURGICAL THERMODYNAMICS in compositional changes affecting the structure and properties of the weldment and hence is of considerable Most previous researchers of slag-metal reactions dur- practical importance. In order to control the mechanical ing welding have used only thermodynamic consider- properties of the weld metal and to match them with those ations in their analysest1-~51and have considered reactions of the workpiece, it is desirable to estimate the extent of