中级微观经济学复习课件.pptVIP

Important Tips 题目均是大题，中英文答题皆可 时刻记住图比文字重要 解题过程详细，不仅有结果，要有完善的过程，包括图和必要的文字说明 用铅笔、尺子做图，标好横纵坐标、渐近线，重要的点如禀赋点等 画图时，无差异曲线不相交 Income Expansion curve and Engel curve Case 2: x1 0 x2 x1 m 0 Case 3: Income Expansion curve and Engel curve x1 0 x2 x1 0 m Income Expansion curve and Engel curve Perfect complements: U(x1, x2) = min{ax1, bx2} x1 0 x2 x1 0 m Income Expansion curve and Engel curve Cobb-Douglas: U(x1, x2) = x1ax2b x1 0 x2 x1 0 m Income Expansion curve and Engel curve Quasi-linear: U(x1, x2) = v(x1) + x2 x1 0 x2 x1 0 m Income Expansion curve and Engel curve Case 2: The original choice is at the y-axis x1 0 x2 x1 0 m Price offer curve and demand curve Price offer curve: a curve showing the change of the optimal consumption bundle as price of one good changes Demand curve: a curve showing the relation of the price and the consumption of a certain commodity Ordinary goods and giffen goods x1 0 x2 x1 0 p Perfect Substitutes Price offer curve and demand curve x1 0 x2 p x1 Perfect Complements 0 Price offer curve and demand curve x1 0 x2 0 p x1 Cobb-Douglas Preferences Price offer curve and demand curve x1 0 x2 p x1 0 Quasi-linear Price offer curve and demand curve Effects on good 2 with P1 changes Substitutes Complements 注意 原点一般来说都会在收入提供曲线和恩格尔曲线上面. 在分析价格提供曲线和个人需求曲线时，我们要尤其注意起点、终点和渐近线。而起点和终点分别是价格趋向于无穷大和零的情形。对于趋向无穷大的情形我们取空心点. Slutsky decomposition: 1. Fix the original choice, pivot the budget line with the new price level. (substitution effect ) 2.Shift the budget line up to cross the original budget line at the y-axis. (income effect) Hicks decomposition: 1. Pivot the budget line alone the indifference curve with the new price level.(substitution effect ) 2.Shift the budget line up to cross the original budget line at the y-axis. (income effect) The decomposition of price effect Slutsky decomposition: Hicks decomposition: Y X E E G A B C D U 3 U 1 U 2 F 替代 效应 收入 效应 O Y X