化工原理英文习题及解答.doc

Problems and Solutions to Chemical Engineering Principles 化工原理教研组编 Chapter 1 Fluid Mechanics 1.The flame gas from burning the heavy oil is constituted of 8.5%CO2，7.5O2，76%N2，8%H2O(in volume).When the temperature and pressure are 500℃and 1atm, respectively, calculate the density of the mixed gas . Solution: The molecular weight of the gaseous mixture Mn is Mn=My+ My+ My+ My =44×0.085+32×0.075+28×0.76+18×0.08 =28.86kg/kmol Under 500℃,1atm,the density of the gaseous mixture is ρ==×=0.455kg/m3 2.The reading of vacuum gauge in the equipment is 100mmHg,try to calculate the absolute pressure and the gauge pressure, respectively. Given that the atmospheric pressure in this area is 740mmHg. Solution: The absolute pressure in the equipment is equal to that atmosphere pressure minus vacuum P(absolute)=740―100 =640mmHg =640×=8.53×10N/m2 The gauge pressure=-vacuum =-100mmHg =-（100×）=―1.33×10N/m2 or the gauge pressure=-（100×1.33×10）=―1.33×10N/m2 3.As shown in the figure, the reservoir holds the oil whose density is 960kg/m3. The oil level is 9.6m higher than the bottom of the reservoir. The pressure above the oil level is atmospheric pressure. There is a round hole(Φ760mm )at the lower half of the sidewall, the center of which is 800mm from the bottom of the reservoir. The hand-hole door is fixed by steel bolts (14mm). If the working stress of the bolts is 400kgf/cm2, how many bolts should be needed ? Solution: Suppose the static pressure of the liquid on 0-0 level plane is p, then p is the average pressure of the liquid acting on the cover. According to the basic hydrostatics equation p=p+ρg h The atmosphere pressure which acts on the outer flank of the cover is pa, then pressure difference between the inner flank and outer flank is Δp=p―p= p+ρgh―ρgh Δp =960×9.81(9.6―0.8)=8.29×10N/m2 The static pressure which acts on the cover is Δp×=8.29×10N/m2 The pressure on every screw is the Number of screw=3.76×10=6.2