Lecture 1718 Auxiliaries助动词.pptVIP

1. You can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar. 好话比尖刻言辞管用 2. You can’t judge a tree by its bark. 人不可貌相 3. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks. 你无法使年老守旧的人接受新事物 4 .Beggars can’t be choosers. 要饭的哪能挑肥捡瘦 P.220-223 P.222 except/but 19A P. 226-228 19D P.241 21A P. 260 23B P.266 23D P. 246-24723C P.263 7. Dareneed (情态助动词 和实义动词) Dare ： 1) 用作实义动词，“dare to …”(dares,dared,daring) He does not dare (to) answer. Does she dare (to) go there alone?(常用于否定和疑问句) 2）作情态助动词，也常用于否定和疑问句（Esp,Am E.） I dare not go there. How dare he say such rude things about me? Dare we escape? I dare say you are right.(惯用语，“我想”，“我恐怕”) I daren’t have done it yesterday, but I think I dare now. 我昨天不敢做此事，但我想我现在敢做了。 Need: “需要，必须”， 用法与dare类似 1）作主动词用，“need to…” (needs,needed,needing) You didnt need to tell him the news; it just made him sad. Shes on holiday; she needed a change from work. 2)作情态助动词，常用于否定和疑问句 He needn’t worry about it. -Need/must we work late today? -Yes,we must/No, we needn’t. You needn’t have bought it. You didn’t need to buy it. You need not stay.(You may go.) You don’t need to stay.(It’s not necessary, and there is nothing you can do.) Epistemic and non-epistemic use of modals 情态助动词的推测性用法和非推测性用法 He couldn’t stay there yesterday. We must be careful. He couldn’t be serious. He must be very careless. Non-epistemic epistemic Syntactic features of epistemic modals 推测性用法的情态助动词的句法特征 It can combine with a perfective infinitive e.g. You must have been disappointed. b) It can combine with a progressive infinitive e.g. He must be working late at the office. c) It can be used in existential sentences e.g. There must be some mistakes. d) It can combine with stative verbs. e.g. He must understand that we mean business. e) It can be used with an inanimate subject. e.g. It must be George. * * Lecture 17 18 Auxiliaries Conceptions : English verbs fall into two categories: Main verbs and Auxil