2016-Cavitation_erosion_of_plasma-sprayed_NiTi_coatings.pdfVIP

Wear 260 2006 1020–1027 Cavitation erosion of plasma-sprayed NiTi coatings a,? ¨ b a b a ¨ b J. Stella , E. Schuller , C. He?ing , O.A. Hamed , M. Pohl , D. Stover a Institut f¨ur Werkstoffe, Ruhr-Universit¨at Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany b IWV-1, Forschungszentrum J¨ulich, 52425 J¨ulich, Germany Received 16 August 2004; received in revised form 2 June 2005; accepted 27 June 2005 Available online 8 August 2005 Abstract Ni-Ti protective layers are under development to increase the cavitation resistance of materials such as stainless steel. For the present work, layers were obtained by vacuum plasma spraying VPS from both elemental powder mixtures and pre-alloyed powder. Characterization was done with respect to phase formation and impurity content. Cavitation erosion resistance was examined using a standard ultrasonic cavitation test. In the coating from the pre-alloyed powder, a higher resistance due to the lower presence of non-shape memory phases was observed. The cavitation erosion resistance of pre-alloyed plasma-sprayed layers is in good agreement with the one of pore-free NiTi samples evaluated in this study and others described in the literature. ? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cavitation erosion; NiTi; Plasma; Coatings 1. Introduction During the past decade, materials of high erosion resis- tance have been developed, e.g. alloys that exhibit martensitic The term “cavitation” is derived from the Latin word transformation such as Had?eld steels and shape memory “cavus” hollow . In technical terms, it means “void forma- alloys SMAs . One promising candidate is NiTi, a SMA tion” in non-boiling ?uid media. The formation of bubbles known for its outstanding properties. It shows high resistance occurs because of the pressure reduction in a ?uid below to wear as well as to cavitation erosion with exception- a critical value. As soon as the bubbles reach a critical ally lo