computer arithmetic.pptVIP

CSE 575Computer ArithmeticSpring 2005Mary Jane Irwin (/~mji) Administrivia Mary Jane Irwin 348C IST Bldg Office hours: by appointment mji@; /~mji Optional: Digital Arithmetic, Ercogovac Lang, Morgan Kaufmann, 2004 Prerequisite: CSE 477 and CSE 431 Lectures are scheduled from 2:30 to 4:30 (but will often be over by 4:00, especially if a colloquium is scheduled) Course Grading Homeworks (2 in total) 150 pts Course project 350 pts TOTAL 500 pts Remaining Lecture Schedule Computer Arithmetic “ is a subfield of digital computer organization … deals with the hardware realization of arithmetic functions … a major thrust of which is the design of hardware algorithms and circuits to enhance the speed of numeric operations.” What Is Computer Arithmetic? Hardware – Design of efficient circuits for arithmetic operations (+, -, x, /, sqrt, log, sine, …) Software – Numerical methods for solving systems of equations (CSE 45x and 55x) Applications Special purpose systems Signal and image processing Real-time 3D graphics HDTV, image compression Network processors (data compression, encryption/decryption) … Design Axes Architectural innovations Systolic arrays, wave pipelining, MMX, razor pipelines Technological advancements 3D, multivalued gates, nanotechnology, … Representation (encoding) systems Redundant, residue, … Arithmetic algorithms SD arithmetic, serial arithmetic (lsb and msb first), saturating arithmetic, MACs, parallel multipliers, … Representing Numbers Number Representations “Understanding different ways of representing numbers, including their relative cost-performance benefits and conversions between various representations, is an important prerequisite for designing efficient arithmetic algorithms or circuits.” Machine Representation Characteristics Positional - value of each symbol depends on its relative position (1492 ? 1942) Fixed radix, r - unit of each position is a constant multiple of the radix (base); usually a positive integer Consecutive s