美國大城市的生與死(英譯).pdfVIP

«美国大城市的生与死» (THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMRICAN CITIES) 美国女作家简.雅各布斯(Jane Jacobs) 译文： 1 Introduction 介绍 (1) This book is and attack on city （1）这是一本抨击现今城市规划和改造的 planning and rebuilding. It is also, and 书。应该说书中的大多数内容，尝试着介绍 mostly, an attempt to introduce new 新的城市规划和改造原则，这些原则不同于 principles of city planning and 学校里所传授的东西，不同于周日特刊的计 rebuilding, different and even opposite 划，也不同于从妇女杂志中所看到的，甚至 from those now taught in everything 是与那些原则完全相反的。我的抨击并不是 from schools of architecture and 以关于改建手法的模棱两可的双关语为基 planning to the Sunday supplements 础，也不是对设计的时尚吹毛求疵。它所抨 and women’s magazines. My attack is 击的是那些形成现代和传统城市规划和改 not based on quibbles about rebuilding 造的原则和目的。 methods or hairsplitting about fashions in design. It is an attack, rather, on the principles and aims that have shaped modern, orthodox city planning and rebuilding.(2002.2.8) (2) In setting forth different principles, （2 ）为了阐明这些不同的原则，我从那些 I shall mainly be writing about 普通的事物写起：例如，什么样的城市街道 common, ordinary things: for instance, 是安全的，而什么样的是不安全的；为什么 what kinds of city streets are safe and 有的城市公园是美妙的不可思议的，而有的 what kinds are not; why some city 则成为了城市藏污纳垢的死角；为什么有些 parks are marvelous and others are 贫民窟长久保持原样有些不顾财政和政府 vice traps and death traps; why some 的反对不断生成；是什么让城市不断变换他 slums stay slums and other slums 们的中心；什么是一个城市的临近地区，它 regenerate themselves even against 有担当了什么样的一种职能。简而言之，我 financial and official opposition; what 要写的是城市在现实生活中是如何运作的， makes downtowns shift their centers; 因为这是学习规划原则和怎样用改建来提 what, if anything, is a city 升城市的社会和经济活力的唯一方法，通过 neighborhood, and what jobs, if any, 这样的学习，也能知道什么样的原则和实践 neighborhoods in great cities do. In 会扼杀这些活力。(2002.2.9 benbentiao 译) short, I shall be writing about how cit