综述及对比.ppt

Translation Theory and Practice Scoring Usual Performance: 20% (class attendance +class participation + homework ) Final Exam: 80% Textbook  Approach to Translation Between English and Chinese Course Description Teaching Contents 1. Introduction 2. Disparity Between “Corresponding Words” in English and Chinese 3. Different Ways of Expressing Actions 4. Different Perspectives Behind the Language 5. Texture of the Sentence Structure 6. Pragmatics and Translation 7. Translation as Cross-Cultural Communication 1. Definition of Translation (P1-3) 英国The Oxford English Dictionary: to turn from one language into another 美国Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language: to turn into one’s own or another language 《辞海》、《汉语大词典》：把一种语言文字的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来。 翻译是将一种语言文化承载的意义转换到另一种语言文化中的跨语言、跨文化的交际活动。 Nothing should be added to or taken from the original work. The duty of the translator is simply to change the vocabulary, not the thought. In translation therefore, there are two essential elements: accuracy and expressiveness. 　　从以上的翻译定义来看，我们知道……不可有所增删。译者的任务只是变换词汇而不是改变其意思。因此翻译有两个要素：准确性与表达性（忠实与通顺）。 综合各家之长: 　　翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出来，以达到沟通思想情感、传播文化知识、促进社会文明，特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。 Three key words from the definitions 1. textual (What we usually translate are texts rather than independent words or sentences.) Eg. 警幻道：“此茶出在放春山遣香洞，又以仙花灵叶上所带之宿露而烹，此茶名曰‘千红一窟’。” (第五回) Thousand Red Flowers in One Cavern Maiden’s Tears Three key words from the definitions 2. natural (it is not enough to produce grammatically correct sentencs but idiomatic, natural sentecnces.) Eg. When things happen that you don’t like, you have two choices: You get bitter or better. 发生你不喜欢的事情时，你有两种选择：要么痛苦不堪，要么痛快达观。 …until absolutely necessary. 直到绝对必须之时→非到万不得已… essential information for travellers 供给旅客重要的信息→旅客须知 A managing director has a lonely job. He needs a sparring partner. 一个总经理有一份孤独的工作。他需要