《11_Design of Portable Smart Antenna System for RFID Reader A New Approach》.pdf

CHAPTER 11 DESIGN OF PORTABLE SMART ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR RFID READER: A NEW APPROACH JEFFREY S. FU Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China WEIXIAN LIU School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore NEMAI CHANDRA KARMAKAR Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 11.1 INTRODUCTION Wireless communication has become an important part of our daily lives. Wireless local area network (WLAN) has become popular due to its emerging trend as a com- munication tool for networking in offices and homes. The heavy usage of wireless communication causes rapid electromagnetic (EM) radiation pollution in our envi- ronment. With the heavy use of the system, users’ expectations on the performance of the wireless tools have increased. A poor design or noisy surroundings might cause the wireless devices to encounter interferences resulting in a poor communi- cation system. Smart antenna systems, if integrated into such devices, will improve its signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) by using beamforming [1, 2] of signals in the desired direction while nulling the interference signals. These unique capabilities of smart antennas improve the SIR and the capacity of the system. However, im- plementation of the smart antenna system requires very expensive analog-to-digital converters (A/Ds), digital signal processing (DSP) chips and system, antenna mod- ules, and sophisticated algorithm. These large amounts of hardware and software Handbook of Smart Antennas for RFID Systems, Edited by Nemai Chandra Karmakar Copyright C 2010 John Wiley Sons, Inc. 301 302 DESIGN OF PORTABLE SMART ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR RFID READER designs hinder its application to RFID system. Hence,